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Evaluation of Feature Selection Methods for Gene Expression Data Classifcation

Phan Thi Thu Hong, Nguyen Thi Thuy

Received: 11-08-2015 / Accepted: 08-03-2016
Selection of relevant genes that have effects in some diseases is a challenging task in gene expression studies. Most gene selection studies focused on assessing the association between individual gene and the disease. In fact, diseases are thought to involve a complex etiology including complicated interactions between many genes and the disease. Random Forest (RF) method has recently been successfully used for identifying genetic factors that have effects in some complex diseases. In spite of performing well in some data sets with moderate size, RF still suffers from working for selecting informative genes and building accurate prediction models. In this paper, we investigatedsome methods in learning advanced random forests that allow one to select a sub-set of informative genes (most relevant to disease). The method can therefore reduce the dimensionality and can perform well in prediction high-dimensional data sets. The performance of these methods has been analyzed for finding the robust one for each interest objective (the accuracy of the prediction model or the smallest possible set of relevant genes) based on experiments results on 8 available public data sets of gene expression from the repository of biomedical data sets (Kent Ridge) and bioinformatics data sets(Bioinformatics).
Selection and General Combining Ability Evaluation of the Sweet Corn Inbred Lines

Tran Thi Thanh Ha, Vu Van Liet, Vu Thi Bich Hanh, Nguyen Van Ha, Duong Thi Loan, Hoang Thi Thuy

Received: 11-02-2020 / Accepted: 22-09-2020
This study was to perform selection and assessment of general combining ability of the sweet corn inbred lines to select the combination of yield and quality to serve the production of high-yield and quality sweet maize varieties for Vietnam market. The genetic diversity of 32 S4-S6 self-combining sweet corn lines originating from China, USA, Thailand, Philippines, Taiwan was assessed based on the phenotype in Spring 2018 conditions using NTSYS software and identified 31 groups/32 lines at the difference of 29%. Selection of elite lines was made based on the Oclit distance biological statistics program with phenotypic traits selected 8 lines (D6, D7, D15, D21, D26, D28, D31, D32). These sweet maize lines have had a short to medium day growing time (104-111 days), average tree height (94.75-134.88cm), individual productivity reaches from 15.91 to 23.03 grams, Brix degree reached over 13%. These eight lines were introduced to the top cross with two tested corn plants in the Winter of 2018 and determined the combined ability (GCA) of 8 lines based on 16 hybrid combinations using genetic software. In the Spring crop of 2019, two lines D26 and D31 were identified that have had the high combined ability for productivity and quality for breeding, high-yield and quality sweet corn varieties.
MOORA Model Based on New Fuzzy Entropy and Its Application in Recruitment Information System

Nguyen Huu Hai, Nguyen Van Hanh, Vu Thi Thu Giang, Do Thi Hue, Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy

Received: 20-07-2020 / Accepted: 14-04-2021
Human resource selection is considered a vital factor for an organization or an enterprise, aiming to select the best candidates in order to meet the job requirements as well as the development of an organization or an enterprise in the future. Personnel selection is Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) problem with many conflicting attributes. In this paper, we proposed a new fuzzy entropy measure to improve the calculation of weight of criteria in MOORA method. In addition, the proposed measure has also provided more options to calculate entropy measures of fuzzy sets. Finally, we applied the proposed model to the personnel selection for a training program and choosing the right accountant for a business. The obtained results are similar to those of other methods such as SWARA and FMCDM.
Evaluation of Data Classification Methods Base on Random Forest, SVM before and after Using Feature Selection Method Guided Random Forest for High Dimensional Gene Data

Hoang Thi Ha

Received: 15-02-2017 / Accepted: 08-01-2018
Data classification is a common method used for mining the potentialknowledge from large databases. Several methods have been proposed such as AdaBoost, Support Vector Machine (sVM), Neural Network, random forest (RF), C45… Among all these classifiers, Random forest and SVM provided more accurate and efficient result for high-dimensional data. However, the performance of these algorithms may be affected/degraded when working on gene data with thousands of features. This is because gene data usually contain many redundant features which are uninformative to classification. Therefore, using the subsets of selected genes may give a better performance than using all the features. In this study, we summarizedthe data classification algorithms based on the random forest models, SVM, and evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithms for classifying high-dimensional data. Next, we evaluatedthe combination the features selection using GRF and other classifiers such as RF, WSRF, RUF, SVM. Sevengene data sets were used to evaluate the methods. Experimental results showedthat the combination not only increasedthe accuracy but also decreasedthe execution time of the algorithms
Reproductive Performance and Selection Orientation for Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire Sows at Nuclear Breeding Pigs Company Dabaco

Doan Phuong Thuy, Pham Van Hoc, Tran Xuan Manh, Luu Van Trang, Doan Van Soan, Vu Dinh Ton, Dang Vu Binh

Received: 02-11-2015 / Accepted: 23-12-2015
The study was conducted to assess reproductive performance, estimate heritabilityandrepeatability and orientate selection for number of pigletsborn alive and number of weaned piglets ofGGP sow herd raised at the nuclear breeding pigs Company Dabaco. The data on pedigree, reproductive performance of the purebreeds Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshirethat included 85, 267 and 321 for sows; 208, 649 and 919 litters, respectively, during the period from 2012 to 2015 were collected and statisticallyanalyzed forestimation of heritability, repeatability and breeding valueprediction. All three pure-bredsposs high level of reproductive performance (Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire sows had9.33, 10.48 and 10.85 for number of piglet born alive, 9.71; 10.35 and 10.31 for number of weaned piglets, respectively). The heritability and repeatability of these traitswere low (h2= 0.04-0.08; r = 0.05 -0.11) and showed a widerange. Applying BLUP method to predict breeding values for the two traits revealed correlation of breeding value between sows and their offspring. Variation in genetic tendency over the years suggestedthe necessity of selective orientation based on BLUP to improve geneticalgain of two traits for GGP sow herd raised at the Company.
Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of VCN03 Boars

Trinh Hong Son, Nguyen Que Coi, Dinh Van Chinh

Received: 24-09-2013 / Accepted: 25-11-2013
This study was carried out in Tam Diep pig research stationofThuy Phuong National Pig Research from 2009 to 2013 to evaluate growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of VCN03 boars between two generations (initialgeneration and first selection (G1)). Growth performance was measured on 205 boars (G0: 114, G1: 91). Carcass characteristics were conducted on 40 boars (G0: 20, G1: 20), meat quality was determined on 36 longissimus dorsimuscle samples (G0: 17, G1: 19). Average daily gain and lean meat percentage of selected boars were higher than those of G0(P<0.05). Average daily gain, backfat thickness, longissimus dorsimuscle thickness and lean meat percentage of G0and G1were 769.51 and 829.60g/day, 10.27 and 9.38mm, 46.84 and 48.80mm, 59.74 and 61.14% respectively. Killing out percentage and carcass yield werenot significantly different between two generations (P>0.05). Killing out percentage and carcass yield of G0and G1were 80.68 and 81.26%, 72.01 and 72.30% respectively. The pH of logissimus dorsimuscle at 45 minutes (6.01 and 6.28 for G0and G1respectively), pH (5.57 and 5.45) and L* (54.39 and 53.76) were in the range corresponding to the normal meat. Average daily gain and lean meat percentage of VCN03 boars after selection were improved without affecting carcass characteristics and meat quality.
Selection of Three Line Hybrids ofRice Introducedfrom China

To Huu Sy, Tran Van Quang, Nguyen Thi Hao

Received: 12-08-2014 / Accepted: 21-04-2015
The three line hybrid rice combinations introducedfrom China which were evaluated in 2012 springand summerseason. Thehybrids hadgood plantype, high tillers, acceptable yieldand goodquality. The selection ofpromissing combination(s)was based on agronomical traits and morphological traits, such as growth period, yieldattributingcharactersand actual yield. As a result,Vinh uu 366(33F1)was selected for itsshort growth duration (115 days in the season), high yield (6,8tons/ha), and good quality. Thispromissing hybridshould be further tested for the ecological adaptation in other areas in order to release as new variety.
GrowthPerformance, BackfatThickness and Selection Orientation for Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire Boars Raised atDABACO Nuclear Breeding Pigs Company

Doan Phuong Thuy, Pham Van Hoc, Tran Xuan Manh, Luu Van Trang, Doan Van Soan, Vu Dinh Ton, Dang Vu Binh

Received: 09-12-2015 / Accepted: 13-01-2016
The study aimed to evaluate the growth performance, backfat thickness and selection orientation for boars raised at Dabaco nuclear breeding pigs company. The data on individual productivity of Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire pigs from 246, 524 and 466 individuals, respectively, were statistically analyzed to evaluate the influencing factors by SAS 9.1.3, estimate heritability parameters by VCE 6.0.2, and to predict breeding value by PEST 4.2.3. The results showed that three boar groups attained high daily weight gain, i.e. 785.23, 796.25 and 794.78 g/day, respectively and 11.75, 12.10 and 12,07mm, respectively, for backfat. Heritability estimates of ADG and backfat were 0.20-0.29 and 0.42-0.52, respectively. The sires with high breeding values for each trait predicted by BLUP also produced progeny with high breeding values. The variation in genetic tendency over the years for ADG as well as backfat suggests the necessity of selective orientation based on BLUP to genetically improve the two traits for the boars raised at the company.
Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Genetic Variation of Gladiolus Varieties (Gladiolussp.)

Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung, Bui Thi Hong, Dang Van Dong, Vu Dinh Hoa

Received: 13-07-2017 / Accepted: 19-12-2017
Genetic variability of the initial materials is considered as the prequistie to generate the genetic variation for the selection process. Twenty-five gladiolus accessions were grown at Gia Lam-Ha Noi in 2015-2016 Winter-Spring season to study genetic variation of traits and direct and indirect attributes affecting flower quality for selection of parents for breeding. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of genetic divergence using morphological characters devided the gladiolus accessions into 4 groups, of which 13 genotypes of groups II and III showed high flower quality without leaf scorch symptoms. All traits had high heritability (79.6-99.7%) and the expected genetic advance varied from 0.38 to 66.53%. Leaf length, diameter of spike can be improved by cultivation practices. Length of leaf and leaf numbers were positively correlated with the length and diameter of the spike.
Selection of Endophytic Microorganism from Thionic Fluvisols in Hai Phong

Nguyen Thi Minh

Received: 05-05-2017 / Accepted: 14-06-2017
This research describes the result of isolation and selection of endophytic bacteria which is considered useful for plant growth from the Thionic Fluvisols in Kien Thuy district, Hai Phong for applying in agricultural production and environmental protection. The endophytic microorganisms were selected by assessment of IAA production, inorganic phosphorus solubilizing, cellulase and amylase synthesis and pH and temperature adaptability. Of the 120 strains isolated from plant at Thionic Fluvisols region, 8 endophytic bacteria strains were selected including 2 trains belongs to Pseudomonasgenus, 3 strains of Azospirillum, 2 strains of Burkholderiaand 1 strain of Klebsiellawith strong hydrolysis enzymes and phosphorus solubilizing,high ability in plant growth production (IAA), wide pH and temperature adaption. These microorganisms will be promising solutionsfor using and reclamation ofThionic Fluvisols.
Improving the Sweetness of Waxy Corn Lines Using Backcross Breeding

Pham Quang Tuan, Nguyen The Hung, Nguyen Viet Long, Vu Van Liet, Nguyen Trung Duc, Nguyen Thi Nguyet Anh

Received: 09-04-2018 / Accepted: 18-06-2018
Backcrossbreedingwas used with the aim to improve the sweetness of purpleand white waxy corn materials at VietnamNational University of Agriculture. The F1 ofspring between waxy corn with sweet corn was backcrossed with waxy corn for two generations (BC2F1). The backcrossing progeny underwent 3 generations of selfing to BC2F4 to recover the waxy corn genetic background. Evaluation and selection of BC2F4 waxy-sweet corn were done in 2017 spring season in Gia Lam, Hanoi. Phenotypic data were measured for growth and developmental characteristics, yield and yield components, total anthocyanin content, pericarp thickness, sugar content and eating quality. Elite corn lines were selected based on selection index computed from ideotype plant analysis involving 10 studied traits. Twenty best performing elite lines were identified for use in inbred line development program. Backcrossing method has remarkably improved the sweetness of waxy corn by 0.3 to 4.0 percent. Backcrossing method, therefore, can be used to enhance the sweetness of waxy corn in Vietnam.
Genetic Parameters and Body Weight of the HY1 Sea Duck Line after TwoGenerations of Selection

Chu Hoang Nga, Nguyen Thanh Son, Vuong Thi LanAnh, Nguyen Van Duy, Dang Vu Hoa

Received: 26-07-2019 / Accepted: 26-09-2019
On the basis of Dai Xuyen- 15Sea Duckherd, a selection towards increasing body weight to create HY1 male duck line was emplyedfor 2 generations. The purpose of the present studywasto evaluate some genetic parameters and body weight of HY1 male duck line. A total of 882 female and 176 male ducks were used at oneday of age in the starting generation.Fiftyfamilies were chosen for breedingeach generation. The genetic parameters and breeding valueswereestimated by VCE6 and PEST softwaresandthe growth curveswere fittedby Statgraphics software. Both males and females in generations 1 and 2 were selected based on the breeding valuefor body weight at 7 weeks of age. The results showed that: heritabilities forbody weight ofDai Xuyen - 15Sea Ducks at 1 day of age, and at 4 and 7 weeks of age were 0.36-0.41; 0.19-0.20 and 0.16-0.26, respectively. After 2 selective generations, the body weight at 7 weeks of age of HY1 line reached 2553.37gfor male and 2609.72 gfor female, higher than the startinggeneration(185 and 172 g/individual, respectively) equivalent to 8 and 7%, respectively. Growth analysis indicated thatthrough selective generations, males and females had faster growth rates, due to shorter earlier lagginggrowth phase and the higher weight body at the end of thephase. After 2 selective generations,the body weightandbodygrowth of HY1 line were improved markedly.
Disease Management in Chicken Raising of Farm Householdsin Yen TheDistrict, Bac Giang Province

Nguyen Mau Dung, Duong Van Vy, Tran Thi Phuong Chi

Received: 21-02-2020 / Accepted: 04-05-2020
This study aims to assess the current disease management in chicken raising of the farm households in Yen Thedistrict, Bac Giang province. Both secondary data and primary data from farm household survey were used for this study and the main analytical methods include the descriptive statistics and comparative analysis.The results showed that most of the large-scale and medium-scale chicken raising households have actively applied the measures for disease management. Meanwhile, many small-scale households have not fully applied the measures, specifically in chick selection, raising house preparation, and feed selection. The major solutions for enhancing the disease management in chicken raising include the development of large-scale raising farm models, the enhancement of the propaganda and dissemination on measures for chicken diseases, better control of the private providers of veterinary services, and improvement of the policies for chicken raising in the district.
Selection of Thinner Pericarp Thickness for Quality of Fresh Waxy Corn

Tran Thi Thanh Ha, Nguyen Thi Hong Ngat, Nguyen Van Ha, Duong Thi Loan, Vu Thi Bich Hanh, Vu Van Liet

Received: 19-02-2013 / Accepted: 22-04-2013
Waxy corn is commonly eaten fresh in Asian countries including Vietnam. Selection for thinner pericarp is a priority for enhancing tenderness in fresh waxy corn breeding. We have evaluated 48 of local maize cultivars and inbred lines in order to identify genetic materials that have thinner perricap for the waxy maize breeding with improved quality. The 48 cultivars and inbred lines were evaluated in the field experiment with two replication in 20012 Autumn-Winter season. Kernel pericarp thickness of cultivars and inbed lines (measured by micrometer) ranged between 51,6 to 118,9 µm. Six potential lines and cultivars with desirable pericarp thinness are D27, D34, D36, D14, D22 and D35 (D27 with 51.6 µm). Using SSR markers 28 cultivars and inbred lines were detected to have QTL controlling thinner pericarp traits. Based on phenotypic evaluatione and genetic markers, six cultivars and inbred lines, D14, D22, D27, D47, D36 and D44, possessing desirable agronomic characteristics, thinner pericarp were selected for high quality waxy maize breeding programme in Vietnam.
Evaluation of theAgronomic Traits,Qualityand thePresence of Genes Linked to Anthocyaninof Newly Developed Black Rice Lines

Nguyen Thi Huong, Tran Thien Long, Le Van Huy, Nguyen Thi Kim Dung, Nguyen Quang Tin, Tran Manh Cuong, Tran Thi Huyen, Pham Van Thuyet, Tran Van Quang

Received: 26-08-2021 / Accepted: 21-01-2022
In Vietnam, black rice varieties are being used as functional food for the improvement of human health. Breeding and selection of black rice varieties with early maturity, high yield, good quality, high anthocyanin content and low susceptibility to pests are of necessity. The present experiments were conducted to evaluate agronomical characteristics, yield and quality of some newly developed black rice lines at Crop Research and Development Institute, Vietnam National University of Agriculture. The SSR molecular markers were used to identifyied genes controlling anthocyanin content in black rice lines. Out of 25 inbred lines, there are seven promising lines havwere been selected, viz.as C1, C12, C14, C18, C19, C21 and C25 with a desirable desiredgrowth duration of 109-117 days,yield of 6.15-8.05 tons ha-1in the summer season, head rice ratio in the range of 74-80%, and grain length of 6.4-6.7mm. Out of 7 promising lines, only one elite line C1 was been selected. The new black rice line C1 that carries markers of Kala1, Kala3, and Kala4genes has an amylose content of 3.88% and, anthocyanin content of 619 mg/100g on dry matter basis. This suggested that SSR markers of Kala1, Kala3and Kala4genescould be used for making decision for selection of black rice genotypes with high anthocyanin content.
Development and Selection of Anthocyanin-Rich Fruit Corn Lines

Pham Quang Tuan, Nguyen Trung Duc, Nguyen Thi Nguyet Anh, Vu Thi Xuan Binh, Vu Van Liet

Received: 15-11-2021 / Accepted: 05-07-2022
This study aimed to develop and select elite anthocyanin-rich fruit corn lines for hybrid fruit corn breeding which can eat fresh without processing. Two strategies were applied viz, (i) backcross between purple waxy corn and white sweet corn, and (ii) mass selection from F2population crossed between purple waxy corn and yellow sweet corn based on morphological markers such as dark purple color and shrunken kernels. Two superior lines viz, UV10 from the first strategy and TD05 from the second strategy were selected. These lines had thin pericarp (35.2µm in UV10 line and 31.4µm in TD05), high sweetness with Brix of 17.4% in UV10 and 22.5% in TD05, and high anthocyanin content (139.9 mg/100g in UV10, and 136.9 mg/100g in TD05).Anthocyanin-rich fruit corn hybrids could be generated from a cross between purple sweet corn inbred lines and white sweet corn or with yellow sweet corn lines. Purple color in seed coat is a dominant trait and inherited to the F1generation. The marketable yield and quality of the purple sweet corn hybrids were comparable to yellow sweet corn SW1011 and predominated to purple waxy corn Fancy111, indicating the commercial potential.
Assessment and Selection of Marine Fish Cage Farming Model Adapting to Climate Change in Cat Ba, Hai Phong City

Bui Dac Thuyet, Nguyen Huu Nghia, Phan Thi Van

Received: 30-03-2017 / Accepted: 17-05-2017
This study aimedto assess and select marine fish cage farming model in response to climate change in Cat Ba, Hai Phongforsustainable development of small-scale marine fish cage culture in North Vietnam under climate change context. The evaluation criteria focusedon infrastructure (3 criteria), culture techniques and cage management (7 criteria),and awareness and response to climate change (2 criteria). Each criterion was evaluated, scored on a 5 point scale (5 = very good, 4 = good, 3 = average, 2 = poor, 1 = weak). The assessment results found that most criteria wereabove average, except criteria on feed use and management, seed quality control, environmental management and disease prevention. Marine fish cages “Be 6” at Lan Ha bay, Cat Ba, Hai Phong had high overall score.and thus can be selected as the marine fish cage model for introductionto local marine cage farming communityto adapt to climate change.
Direct and Indirect Effects of Some Agronomical Traits OnInvidual Yield of Salt-Tolerant Rice in Thua Thien Hue

Nguyen Ho Lam

Received: 31-07-2017 / Accepted: 23-01-2018
This study was conducted to determine relationshipamong agronomic traitsand their contribution to plant grainyieldofsalt-tolerant rice cultivars in Central Vietnam. The experiment was arranged directly on saline soils at an average salinity level of 6.35 dS/m in 2017 winter-spring croppingseason in Thua Thien Hue with 10 popular salt-tolerant rice cultivars. Of all the agronomictraits studied, individual yields had a positive correlation coefficient with plant height (0.3624*), total panicles/plant (0.7019***), panicle weight (0.4530**) and total dry biomass (0.7837***). Total panicles/plant and panicle weight directly affect on the formation of rice yield. Total dry biomass and plant height do not directly affect yield, but are indirectly throughpanicle weights and total grains/panicle. Therefore, total number of paniclesper plant, panicle weight and total number of seedsper panicle would be effective selection criteriafor improvement of salt-tolerant rice cultivars in the central region.
Selection, Identification and Determination of Some Cultural Conditions Affecting Cellulase Production of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Nguyen Thi Lam Doan, Peter Vandamme

Received: 20-05-2018 / Accepted: 09-07-2018
The purposesof this study wereto selectandidentify species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) capable of producing high extracellular cellulase and to determine some cultural conditions affectingcellulase production of selected strains. Fortystrains producing extracellular cellulasewere selected from 120LAB strains isolated from some traditional fermented foods. Of40 strains producing extracellular cellulase, 10 strains produced cellulase withhigh enzyme activities with diameter of substrate hydrolyzing zone reachingfrom 11 to 15 mm. DP4.8 strainwithhighest cellulase productivitywas further investigated onthe effect of some culture conditions such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) concentration, cultural temperature, cultural time on producing cellulase. Results showed that CMC concentration of 1.0%, culture temperature at 37oC, and culture time (36h) were the best conditionsfor producing cellulase.In addition, DP4.8 strain was analysedbypheSgenesequencingandcomparedwiththe known sequence database in EMBL and BCCM/LMG collection of Ghent University, Belgium. This strain was identified to be Lactobacillus rossiaes.
Efficacy of Praziquantel Treatment for Two Capsalid Monogeneans Benedenia seriolaeand Neobenedenia girellaeInfecting Amberjack (Seriola dumerili)

Truong Dinh Hoai, Nguyen Thi Huong Giang, Kim Van Van

Received: 30-08-2018 / Accepted: 03-12-2018
Neobenedenia girellaeand Benedenia seriolaeare the two most common capsalid monogeneans of more than 100 marine fish species distributed worldwide. However, these two parasitic species have similar morphology, making it difficult for farmers to distinguish. Praziquantel is the most common selection for treatment of these two parasites, but outbreaks sometimes occurr after treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of praziquantel to N. girellaeand B. seriolaeon experimentally infected Amberjack for effective control. In this study, eggs and larval development of N. girellaeand B. seriolaewere examined and they were used to infect the experimental fish, Amberjack (Seriola dumerili). The infected fish were then treated with praziquantel at the same dosage of 100 mg/kg body weight/day for three consecutive days. After treatment, the number of live flukes present on the fish was separated usingfreshwater bath containing Aqui-S (1: 1000). The results showed that B. seriolaepost-treatment reduction was 100%, while only 44.6% of N. girellaewere killed post-treatment. This indicates thatpraziquantel is completely effective in controlling B. seriolae, but less effective for N. girellae. The results of this study suggestthat the outbreak occurringpost treatment is probably caused by N. girellae. It is thus necessary to develop a rapid and simple methodto distinguish between B. seriolaeand N. girellaeprior to treatment to achieve the highest efficacy in disease management.
Genetic Structures of Estrogen Receptor (ESR) and Prolactin Receptor (PRLR) Genes in Landrace and Yorkshire Populations at DABACO Nucleus Pig Breeding Company

Nguyen Chi Thanh, Tran Xuan Manh, Nguyen Van Hung, Luu Thi Trang, Phan Xuan Hao, Vu Dinh Ton

Received: 02-05-2019 / Accepted: 30-09-2019
Litter size of pigs is an important economic trait, but its heritability is relatively low,at approximately 0.1. In addition, litter size trait can only be measured on female pigs at mature age. Therefore, genetic improvement by phenotypic selection is less effective, and at slow rate. In previous literature, it is found that ESR and PRLR genes are two QTLswith large effects on litter size in pigs. Of the two alleles A and B at ESR locus, allele B shows a positive effect on the litter size trait,while of the two alleles A and B at PRLR locus, allele A is benefical to the trait. Landrace and Yorkshire, which are imported, are two major breeds in Vietnam. The current study aimed to evaluate genetic structures of ESR and PRLR genes in two pig populations of Landrace and Yorkshire reared at the Dabaco nuclear breeding pig company, and thus examine the effects of ESR and PRLR genes on reproduction traits of the two pig populations. It was found that all three genotypes,AA, AB and BB at ESR and PRLR loci,were present in both the populations of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs. At ESR locus, allele frequency of B in the Landrace population (0.184) was lower than in the Yorkshire population (0.413). The frequency of homozygous genotype BB was 0.041 for the Landrace population and 0.655 for the Yorkshire population. At PRLR locus, allele frequencies of A and B were quite similar for the two populations. Allele frequency of A was 0.483 for Landrance and 0.516 for Yorkshire. Allele frequency of B was 0.517 for Landrance and 0.484 for Yorkshire.
Application of Immunohistochemistry to Detect Antigen of African Swine Fever Virus in Infected Pigs

Nguyen Thi Hoa, Truong Quang Lam, Hoang Thi Thu Hien, Nguyen Huu Nam, Lai Thi Lan Huong, Bui Tran Anh Dao, Yamaguchi Ryoji, Nguyen Thi Lan

Received: 30-07-2020 / Accepted: 08-09-2020
The study was conducted to detect antigen of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in the tissues of infected pigs, therefore, contributing to clarifying the pathogenesis of the virus and providing a scientific basis for the selection of disease samples suitable for research and diagnostics. Nine organs of 5 ASFV positive pigs were collected and stained immunohistochemistry to detect viral antigen. Resultsshowed that the ASF virus antigen was highly concentrated in organs such as lymph nodes and spleen, the lungs, liver and kidney; followed by brain, heart, intestines and stomach.Antigenwas detected in macrophage cells, mononuclear cells in many different organs, hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells.
Phân lập và tuyển chọn các chủng vi khuẩn sinh enzyme chitinase, đối kháng với nấm Fusarium oxysporumtừ đất vùng rễ cây hoa lily

Tran Thi Hong Hanh, Tran Thi Dao, Le Thi Ngoc An, Lam Thuong Thuong

Received: 03-07-2018 / Accepted: 25-06-2020
Enzyme chitinase có tiềm năng ứng dụng trong nhiều lĩnh vực như môi trường, nông nghiệp và y học. Vi khuẩn sinh enzyme chitinase được tìm thấy trong môi trường tự nhiên (đất vùng rễ, nước biển) được ứng dụng để đối kháng với nấm gây bệnh thực vật và sản xuất enzyme chitinase phân huỷ các chất thải chứa chitin. Nghiên cứu đã tiến hành phân lập và tuyển chọn các chủng vi khuẩn có khả năng sinh enzyme chitinase có hoạt tính cao bằng phương pháp khuyếch tán đĩa thạch và phương pháp so màu với thuốc thử DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid). Từ đất vùng rễ cây hoa lily, 32 chủng vi khuẩn có khả năng sinh enzyme chitinase đã được phân lập. Trong đó, 4 chủng HP02, VRQ9, HM03 và GL10 có hoạt tính chitinase là cao nhất, lần lượt là 1,47; 1,44; 1,29; 1,21 U/ml. Các chủng sinh chitinase được thử đối kháng với nấm Fusarium oxysporumgây bệnh thối củ và thân ở cây hoa lily. Kết quả cho thấy rằng 4 chủng HP02, VRQ9, HM03 và GL10 đều có khả năng đối kháng với nấm. Chủng HP02 có hoạt tính chitinase cao nhất và có khả năng đối kháng nấm Fusarium oxysporum, được xác định là Bacillus subtilisdựa vào đặc điểm hình thái, hoá sinh, so sánh trình tự 16S rRNA với các trình tự trong ngân hàng gen và xây dựng câyphân loại.
Selection of some Suitable Crop Varieties for Growing in the Coastal Area of Thanh Hoa Province

Nguyen Trong Trang, Vu Dinh Hoa, Ha Thi Thanh Binh

Received: 25-05-2020 / Accepted: 03-08-2020
The objectives of the present study were to identify and select appropriate varieties of rice, soybean, peanut and mungbean for introduction to crop rotation in the cropping systems of the coastal area of Thanh Hoa province. In this study, five varieties of each crop (quality rice for spring, soybean for rice-based farming, peanut for spring and mungbean for summer-autumn), were evaluated in replicated trials in three successive cropping seasons (2015-2017) in Nga Son and Hoang Hoa districts. Rice variety Thai Xuyen 111, NAS-S1 soybean, L26 peanut and mungbean ĐX 16 were selected to substitute for/or supplement the varieties being widely grown. In the on-farm pilot demonstration in 2017, selected varieties (Thai Xuyen 111; NAS-S1; L26 and DX16) produced higher yield and brought about higher economic returns compared with the widely grown varieties (TH7-2; DT84; L14 and Dau tam). It was suggested that the legume crops be scaled up in the cropping system for environmental objective and sustainable farming.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sim.) Accessions Revealed by SRAP and ISSR Markers

Tran Duc Trung, Nguyen Van Viet, Bui Quang Dang

Received: 14-10-2021 / Accepted: 01-03-2022
Identification of potential germplasms is the crucial step for selection and breeding program of passion fruit (Passiflora edulisSims.). In this study, genetic diversity and population structure of 31 exotic passion fruit accessions (including wild relative P. incarnata accessions) were assessed using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. By primary screening for marker specificity and polymorphism, 8/15 SRAP markers and 10/18 ISSR were selected for passion fruit genotyping. The heterozygosity index H(0.43), polymorphic information content PIC(0.35), and discriminating power D(0.8) were recorded at a high level implying the significant genetic diversity of the analyzed passion fruit accessions. The Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree in combination with population structure model revealed by STRUCTURE discriminated and clustered the studied accessions into five groups which showed high accordance with the fruit color and the origin of the accessions. The analysis of melecular variance (AMOVA) also indicated the high rate of intraspecific and possibility interspecific hybridization among Passifloraspecies. These results provide essential genetic background facilitating efficient conservation and utilization of exotic passion fruit accessions in Vietnam.

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