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Soil quality in Lang Sen Wetland Reserve, Tan Hung district, Long An province

Le Diem Kieu, Pham Quoc Nguyen

Received: 18-07-2023 / Accepted: 12-04-2024
The current status of soil quality in Lang Sen Wetland Reserve, Tan Hung district, Long An province was carried out to provide data on soil environmental quality for conservation,base onsoil quality parameters, i.e.pHH2O, pHKCl, electrical conductivity,total acidity, organic matters,total nitrogenandtotal phosphorus at0-20 cm and 20-50cm soil layers of sub-zone 5, 6, 9, 10, 11 and 12in the 2023 dry season. The results recorded that the soil was highly acidic with pHH2O, pHKCl, total acidity 2.60-4.27, 2.60-3.63 and 2.92-19.63 meq H+/100g soil, respectively. The organic matter and total nitrogen content of the soil were quite high, however the total phosphorus content was low and these value ranged from 8.09-24.15%, 0.29-2.27%, and 0.006-0.021%, respectively. The 0-20cm soil layer had higher pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus than the 20-50cm soil layer in most sub-zones. Subzones 9, 10 and 5 had higher pH but lower total acid, organic matter, total nitrogen and phosphorus than the others.Changes in physical and chemical composition of soil in six sub-zones and twosoil layers wereheavily influenced by water management regime in the sub-zones.Soil quality is mostly suitable for the growth of dominant plant species in sub-zones, however drought condition at the end of the dry season in the sub-zones 6, 11 and 12; and continuous flooding in the sub-zones 9 and 10 should be taken into account.
Some Epidemiological Characteristicsof Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection in Pig in Thai Nguyen Province

La Van Cong, Do Thi Lan Phuong, Nguyen Van Tho

Received: 23-03-2015 / Accepted: 19-06-2015
An epidemiological study on 3,600 pigs in three districs,Vo Nhai, Phu Luong and Dong Hy,of Thai Nguyen province was carried out from 2010 to 2013. Five species of nematode were detectedin the intestines of pigs. viz.: Gnathostoma doloresi, Ascaris suum, Trichocephalus suis, Strongyloides ransomi andOesophagostomum dentatum.The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes infections was 68.16%with 82.75% beingfound in pigs from 3 to 6 months of age, followed by pigs over 6 months old (72.25%) and lowest in less than 2 month-oldpigs (49.50%). The prevalence was found highest in mountainousarea (75.50%). The prevalence in summer-autum and winter-spring were 72.00% and 64.33%, respecvely. The highest prevalence was found in free - roaming pigs (96.25%) and the lowest in pigs kept inpens (30.75%).
Parasitism of the Parasitoid Encarsia sp.(Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on whitefliesBemisia tabaci(Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Pham Thi Hieu, Tran Thi Thu Phuong, Pham Hai Chi

Received: 29-08-2023 / Accepted: 07-03-2024
This study aimed to investigate the parasitism rate of Encarsia sp.on B. tabacias well as the impact of host age, host density and parasitoid density on its parasitism. The survey on natural Encarsiaparasitism was conducted on the eggplant fields at Gia Lam, Hanoi at 7 days interval. The results showed that Encarsia sp.had the highest parasitism rate (58.57%) in the middle of June and declined afterward. The parasitoid and whiteflies were mass rearing in the laboratory and recorded for the parasitism rate in 24 hours with different host age (1st-4thinstar nymphs), host densities (5-80 nymphs(3rd-4thinstar)/ leave) and parasitoid densities (1-4 females/ 50 nymphs (3rd-4thinstar). Encarsia sp. reached the highest parasitised percentage at 3rdinstar nymph and lowest at 1stinstar nymph. As the host density increased the parasitism rate decreased, but the emerge rate increased, however. Nevertheless, parasitism increased with increased parasitoid density, but the average parasitism per female decreased. At densities of 1-2 female parasitoids the emerge rate was higher than at 3-4 female parasitoids.Overall, Encarsia sp. had high parasitism rate on the field and host age, host and parasitoid density influenced its parasitism.
Parasitism of the Parasitoid Encarsia sp.(Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on whitefliesBemisia tabaci(Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Pham Thi Hieu, Tran Thi Thu Phuong, Pham Hai Chi

Received: 29-08-2023 / Accepted: 07-03-2024
This study aimed to investigate the parasitism rate of Encarsia sp.on B. tabacias well as the impact of host age, host density and parasitoid density on its parasitism. The survey on natural Encarsiaparasitism was conducted on the eggplant fields at Gia Lam, Hanoi at 7 days interval. The results showed that Encarsia sp.had the highest parasitism rate (58.57%) in the middle of June and declined afterward. The parasitoid and whiteflies were mass rearing in the laboratory and recorded for the parasitism rate in 24 hours with different host age (1st-4thinstar nymphs), host densities (5-80 nymphs(3rd-4thinstar)/ leave) and parasitoid densities (1-4 females/ 50 nymphs (3rd-4thinstar). Encarsia sp. reached the highest parasitised percentage at 3rdinstar nymph and lowest at 1stinstar nymph. As the host density increased the parasitism rate decreased, but the emerge rate increased, however. Nevertheless, parasitism increased with increased parasitoid density, but the average parasitism per female decreased. At densities of 1-2 female parasitoids the emerge rate was higher than at 3-4 female parasitoids.Overall, Encarsia sp. had high parasitism rate on the field and host age, host and parasitoid density influenced its parasitism.
Environmental Protection Solutions for Pig production in Pig Farms in Gia Lam District, Ha Noi

Nguyen Thi Thuy Dung, Nguyen Thanh Lam, Pham Trung Duc, Cao Truong Son

Received: 17-11-2014 / Accepted: 21-04-2015
A study on pig production at 22 pig farms in Gia Lam district was conductedto assess overall environmentalquality of pig-farming,to identify maincharacteristics and pollution sources of pigproduction process and to proposealternative solutions for environmentalprotection. The results showed that pig-farms are taking some measuresfor waste treatment. However, waste from pig-farming was treatedincompletely and discharged directly to environment. Surface-water around pig-farmswas polluted by TSS, COD, NH4+and PO43, whilegroundwater was contaminated by NH4+. The study has identifiedpollution sources, causes of pollution and proposedsome solutions to protect the environment forpig-farming in Gia Lam district.
Effects of the Levels of Setaria Grass (Setaria sphacelata) and Sweet Potato Vines (Ipomoea batatas)in the Diet on Feed Utilization and Performance of Growing New Zealand White Rabbits

Nguyen Xuan Trach, Nguyen Van Dat, Nguyen Thi Duong Huyen, Nguyen Ngoc Bang

Received: 15-01-2015 / Accepted: 18-04-2015
Một thí nghiệm nuôi dưỡng được tiến hành nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ xơ và protein trong thức ăn thu nhận đến khả năng sử dụng thức ăn và sinh trưởng của thỏ nhậpnội. Tổng số 30 thỏ đực New Zealand 1,5 tháng tuổi được phân ngẫu nhiên đều vào 5 lô. Khẩu phần ăn gồm có thóc tẻ (2% khối lượng cơ thể) và thức ăn xanh cho ăn tự do, trong đó cỏ setaria (Setaria sphacelata)lần lượt được thay thế ở mức 0, 25, 50, 75 và 100% bằng rau lang (Ipomoea batatas)để tạo ra các tỷ lệ xơ và protein khác nhau trong khẩu phần. Kết quả cho thấy rằng thay thế đến 75% cỏ setaria giàu xơ trong khẩu phần bằng rau lang giàu protein đã làm tăng hàm lượng protein, giảm hàm lượng xơ, tăng lượng thu nhận vật chất khô (VCK) và protein, tăng tỷ lệ tiêu hoá của khẩu phần và do đó thỏ có tăng khối lượng cao hơn, đồng nghĩagiảm tiêu tốn VCK của thức ăn cho mỗi đơn vị tăng khối lượng (FCR). Tuy nhiên, khi mức rau lang quá cao (100%) thì tăng khối lượng của thỏ cũng không tăng tiếp. Việcthay đổitỷ lệ cỏ setaria và rau lang không có ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến đến tỷ lệ các phần trong cơ thể và thân thịt của thỏ. Điều đó chứng tỏ khẩu phần cho thỏ New Zealand cần đảm bảo được có tối thiểu khoảng 16% CP và 40% NDF trong tổng VCK thu nhận.
Effects of Stocking Densities on Growth, Survival Rates, Productivity and Economic Return of Clam (Meretrix lyrata) Reared in Earthponds

Le Van Khoi, Le Thanh Ghi

Received: 03-09-2014 / Accepted: 02-03-2015
Effects of stocking densities on the growth, survival rate and production efficiency of Meretrix lyrata commercial culture were investigated out in 500 square meter earth pond. Clam seeds (2.45±0.08g in body weight) were stocked at densities of 90, 150 and 210 individuals/m2and reared in a period of 12 months. Results showed that stocking densities did not affect the concentrations of DO, pH, NH4+and chlorophyll-a in culture ponds (P>0.05). Growth rate (0.57-0.60 %/day) of clam reared at 90-150 individuals/m2was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that at 210 individuals/m2(0.48 %/day). In contrast. clam productivity was higher at stocking densities of 150-210 individuals/m2(26.4-27.0 ton/ha) than at 90 individuals/m2(18.8 ton/ha). Survival rates were inversely propotional to stocking densities. The highest profit (138.6 million VND/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (32.13%) were observed at 150 individuals/m2and the lowest values (33.4 million VND/ha and 9.01%, respectively) at the density of 210 individuals/m2. This study suggests that the suitable stocking density in the earth pond culture of M. lyrata should be is 150 individuals/m2.
Evaluation of Efficacy of Circovac Vaccine in Pig of Thanh Long Company, Luong Son, Hoa Binh

Pham Thi Kieu Anh, Ta Thi Kim Chung, Huynh Thi My Le

Received: 06-07-2014 / Accepted: 13-08-2014
Our study was conducted for evaluating the efficacy of Circovac vaccine in preventing diseases caused by Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV) in pigs of Thanh Long company, Luong Son, Hoa Binh. The experiments were carried out in two trials. In each trial, there were 10 sows divided into 2 groups with and without vaccination. The results showed that Circovac vaccinated sows had better titers of antibodies against PCV2 than the unvaccinated sows. The percentage of PCV2 antibody positive samples collected from vaccination group were 100% with ≥3log2 titer, whereas only 9/20 (45%) samples collected from nonvaccination group had PCV2 antibody with low titer (<3log2). Comparison with the control group, using Circovac had shown to be highly efficacious in terms of reduced mortality, number of culls, and improved growth performance (p<0.05).
Prevalence of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) Circulating in Hanoi and Its Vicinity

Dao Doan Trang, Cao Thi Bich Phuong, Vu Thi Ngoc, Nguyen Van Giap, Huynh Thi My Le

Received: 08-11-2017 / Accepted: 20-03-2018
This paper reported the results of investigation on the prevalence of CIAV in Hanoi and its vicinity. By PCR method, the virus was detected in 92.86% of sampling farms and 50.81% of tested samples. The analyses of capsid protein coding gene revealed two genetic groups (group 2 and 3) of CIAV circulating in investigated areas. It was also demonstrated that all field strains of CIAV differed from the vaccine strains (Cux-1, P4 and 3711).
Bacillus sp. Isolated from Goose Grass (Eleusine indica) Enhances the Removal Efficiency of Ammonium in Shrimp Aquaculture

Do Quang Trung, Tran Thi Tuyet Thu, Luu The Anh

Received: 03-08-2021 / Accepted: 21-01-2022
Treatment of aquaculture wastewater by biological method is being more attractive to the scientists. This study aimed to screen the salt-tolerant and ammonia-oxidizing Bacillusendophytic bacteria having potential to reduce ammonium levels in shrimp aquaculture wastewater. In this study, eight Bacillusstrains were screened from endophytic bacteria isolated from gooose grass. Among these strains, two strains, MT50 and MT51 showed the highest efficiency for ammonium removal (80.36 and 82.24%, respectively). They optimally grew at pH of 7 and in highly salty condition (4% NaCl). Investigation in laboratory conditions for their ability in improving shrimp aquaculture wastewater showed that both Bacillusstrains had ammonium removal from 72.25 and 78.85% at day 7th. Notably, strain MT50 in combination with unsterilized shrimp-wastewater presented the highest ammonium removal efficiency (79.91%) with 1% cell suspension at day 4th. The results also showed the nitrite and nitrate production in all experiments and these compounds were removed by the selected Bacillusspecies. Results suggested that tưo Bacillussp. isolated might be used as heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification species.
Effects of Different Vermicompost Levels on The Growth, Yield of ĐTL2 Rice Variety in Spring Season at Gia Lam, Ha Noi

Nguyen Thi Ngoc Dinh, Pham Tien Dung, Nguyen Ich Tan, Nguyen Hong Hanh, Phan Thi Thuy

Received: 30-12-2014 / Accepted: 15-08-2015
The experiment was conducted to invetsigate the effect differentvermicompost levels on growth and yield of ĐTL2 rice variety grown in 2013 and 2014spring seasons atVietnam National University of Agriculture(5, 10, 15, and 20 tons/hain 2013 spring season and5,10, 15, 20and25 tons/hain 2014 spring season).The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. No significant differencesin agronomic characteristicssuch as growth duration, number of leaves per main stem and effective number of tillers per hill were found withincreased levels of vermicompost dose. However, increasing levels of vermicompost exerted positive effect on physiological characteristics as SPAD index, leaf area and dry matter. Significant yield increase was observed at 10 tons per hectarebeyond which yield increment was insignificant. Highest net income (VND27,596,000per hectare)was obtained in 2014 cropping season with 10 tons vermicompost per hectare. The yield of ĐTL 2 rice variety depends onvermicompost dose expressed in thefollowingregression,y = -0.075x2+ 2.472x + 41.01 with R²= 0.522and optimal vermicompost dose was estimated at16,4 tons per hectare.
Assessment of Current Slaughtering Status and Bacterial Contamination in Pork Meat in Slaughter Places in Nam Dinh Province

Cam Ngoc Hoang, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy, Nguyen Ba Tiep

Received: 05-05-2014 / Accepted: 26-06-2014
Assessment of slaughtering status in Namdinh showedthat the province had2060 slaughter sites and 3 industrial slaughterhouses. Slaughtering conditions of all slaughter sites didnot meet criteria of the control acts including consciousnessand practices of people involved in slaughter process as well as veterinary inspection. Total aerobic microbial count and E.colicount indicatedthat water for slaughter process was heavily contaminated. Only 19.51% and 36.59% of water samples met the criteria for total aerobic microbial count and E.colicount, respectively. The ratio of pork meat samples that met the criteria was highest for Salmonellacount (90.24%), follwed by E. coli count (76.83%) and S. aureus count (68.29%). The industrial slaughterhouses hadhigher ratios of samples that meet the criteria of slaughter inspection. The study showedthat control and assessment of slaughtering activity, consultance and education for people involved in slaughter process might be good measures for elimination of microbialcontamination of meat during slaughter process that contributes to public health protection.
Analysis of Genetic Diversity Based on Phenotypes and SSR Markers and Evaluationof Drought Tolerance of Waxy Maize Inbred Lines for Developing Hybrid Varieties for Northern Moutainous Provinces

Le Thi Minh Thao, Nguyen Thi Anh, Tran Thanh Tan, Pham Quang Tuan, Vu Van Liet

Received: 24-02-2014 / Accepted: 10-06-2014
Assessing genetic diversity and heterotic grouping of 24 waxy maize inbred lines in S8 to S10 generations were performed using morphological characters and molecular markers (SSR). The field experiment was designed to identify the agronomical characteristics, namely growth duration, plant height, anthesis-silking interval, yield and yield components. Results showed that the maize inbred lines possessed agronomic characters suitable to develop single crosses. Based on genetic diversity analysis of morphometric traits, 24 inbred lines were grouped into six heterotic groups at similarity value of 0.25. Genetic diversity analysis of inbred lines by 19 SSR markers detected 19 loci with a total of 75 alleles and average of 4 alleles per locus. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) varied from 0.36 to 0.81. At genetic similarity value of 0.83, 24 inbred lines were divided into five groups. Of 24 lines tested, 5 lines, viz. I5, I9, I8, I23, I15 were identified to be drought tolerant. These lines belonged to the different heterotic groups and therefore they can be used for hybrid waxy maize breeding for drought prone environment such as rainfed farming condition for northern moutainous provinces.
Incidence of Otodectes cynotisInfestation in Domestic Dogs Examined at the Veterinary Hospital of Vietnam National University of Agriculture and Some Otoacariosis Treatments

Nguyen Van Phuong, Bui Khanh Linh, Nguyen Thi Hoang Yen, Nguyen Thi Hong Chien, Nguyen Thi Ngoc, Tran Van Nen

Received: 01-06-2021 / Accepted: 10-01-2022
The present paper reported the incidence of ear mite infestation caused by Otodectes cynotisin dogs examined at the Veterinary Hospital of Vietnam National University of Agriculture. The dog earwax was examined under microscope to determine mite infestation status. The mite-infected dogs were divided in two groups and treated experimentally with Dexoryl and Frontline Plus. Examination of ear wax samples using microscopics showed that the incidence of ear mite infestation caused by Otodectes cynotiswas 31.03%. In O. cynotisinfected dogs, the group aged 0 - 6 months infected with the highest rate, accounting for 46.97%. Foreign dogs were infected with the rate of 38.41%, higher than those of local dogs, 20.21%. According to style of living, free range dogs were infected with the highest rate, 57.89%. Dexoryl and Frontline Plus were both effective in the treatment of otodectes ear mite infestation in dogs with 96.55% and 100%, respectively.
Characterizing Glycoprotein-gene Encoding Sequences of Avian MetapneumovirusFound in Poultry in Northern Vietnam

Nguyen Van Giap, Cao Thi Bich Phuong, Huynh Thi My Le, Dang Huu Anh, Chu Thi Thanh Huong, Vu Thi Ngoc, Vo Van Hieu, Ta Thi Kim Chung, Le Ba Hiep, Le Thi Trinh, Truong Quang Lam, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Le Thi Luyen

Received: 05-03-2021 / Accepted: 09-04-2021
Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) is one of the causative agents of respiratory disease complex in turkeys and chickens, which has been recently detected in Vietnam. Due to its novelty, a few published papers are available on preliminary results, describing the clinical disease, sero- and viral-positivity rates. This study aimed at providing more details about the molecular characterizations of the circulating virus by sequenced and then applied bioinformatics for data mining. Based on the sequence of partial attachment glycoprotein coding gene, 5/5 aMPV strains were classified as subgroup B. Though 5/5 strains belonged to the vaccine-derived lineage, all of them had differences at the nucleotide and amino acid levels compared to the attenuated strain of Nemovac vaccine available in Vietnam.
Effect of Halothane Genotype, Gender on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Stress Negative Piétrain Pigs

Ha Xuan Bo, Do Duc Luc, Dang Vu Binh

Received: 10-09-2013 / Accepted: 25-11-2013
This study was carried out at the animal farm of Hanoi University of Agriculture from August 2012 to April 2013 to evaluate effects of halothane genotype (CC and CT) and gender (intact males and gilts) on carcass characteristics and meat quality of Piétrain stress negative pigs. The backfat thickness, depth of longissimus dorsi muscle and lean meat percentage at 7.5 months were collected from 83 pigs (31 females and 52 intact males). Data on carcass performance were collected from 43 pigs (28 females and 15 intact males). The organoleptic quality of longissimus dorsi muscle was determined from 35 samples (19 females and 16 intact males). For meat chemical compositions, 24 samples (14 females and 10 intact males) were analyzed. Slaughter weight (88.75 kg), carcass weight (58.40 kg), eye muscle area (57.54 cm²), backfat thickness (9.26 mm) and depth of longissimus dorsi muscle (58.01 mm) of gilts were higher than those of intact males (81.29 kg, 52.77 kg, 51.04 cm², 8.01 mm and 52.76 mm). Killing out percentage, carcass percentage and carcass length were similar between gilts and intact males (P>0.05). The pH of longissimus dorsi muscle at 24 hours post mortem between gilts (5.34) and boars (5.50) were significantly different (P<0.001). Gilts had more lipid content than intact males (P<0.01). Halothane genotype did not affect carcass characteristics, meat quality and meat chemical composition (P>0.05). The results indicate that Piétrain stress negative pigs had high carcass percentage and good meat quality. Individuals with halothane genotype CC and CT can be choosen for the breeding without affecting the carcass performance and meat quality. Carcass percentage and pH45 of longissimus dorsi muscle of gilts were higher than those of intact boars.
Clinical Manifestations and Some Blood Physiological and Chemical Parametersof Sows Afflicted with Metritis-Mastitis-Agalactia(M.M.A) Syndrome

Nguyen Thi Hong Minh, Nguyen Van Thanh, Trinh Dinh Thau, Pham Kim Dang

Received: 25-07-2013 / Accepted: 16-09-2013
Besides observing the signs of clinical manifestations of 200 sows infected with metritis-mastitis-agalactia (M.M.A) syndrome in four provinces representative of the Red River delta in Vietnam, this study also investigated the hematological and biochemical parameters for comparison with clinically healthy sows. The research results showed that the clinical signs of sow group with M.M.A syndrome were similar to the manifestations of Pyrexia, restlessness, and anorexia The sows metritis-mastitis-agalactia (M.M.A) syndrome were not willing for the piglets to suckle or exhibited a marked disinterest in the piglets. The blood physiological and biochemical parameters indicated that the hematological indicators, such as number of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, corpuscular volume, corpuscular hemoglobin and corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of blood of sows with M.M.A syndrome group were higher than those from healthy sow group (P <0.05). In comparison with healthy sows, the number of white blood cell and neutrophils rate in blood of sows with M.M.A syndrome were higher. On the contrary, the rate of other types of white blood cells were lower (P <0.05). Albumin, total protein and β-globulin in the serum of sows with M.M.A syndrome group were lower than those in the blood of control sow group, whereas serum α - globulin và γ-globulin concentrations were higher. In addition, glicemia of M.M.A syndrome sows was decreasing, while enzymatic parameters (GOT and GPT activity) were increasing in comparison with the control group.
Techniques ForImproving Vegetative Propagation Rate of (Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms

Ninh Thi Phip

Received: 01-02-2013 / Accepted: 18-04-2013
Effect of substrate, stem cutting length, cutting position and concentration of plant growth regulator on vegetative propagation and and growth of Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms was investigated.. The results showed that using the rooting medium mixture of 50% soil + 50% rice husk obtained the highest of shoot height, stem diameter, number of leaves/plant) and number of roots/plant). In addition, uing the main stem with 15 - 20cm length quickly dipped in for 2000 - 3000ppm α -NAA solution for 3 - 5 seconds appeared optimal for growth of Polyscias fruticosa L. stem cutting.
Comparison of Some Quality Paddy Varieties in Spring Crop at Muong Thanh Field, Dien Bien District

Hoang Cong Menh, Hoang Tuan Hiep, Pham Tien Dung

Received: 01-03-2013 / Accepted: 18-04-2013
An experiment was conductedonFluvisols Acrisoil duringspring rice from 2011to2012in the the Muong Thanh field,Dien Bien District to compare the quality ricevarieties. The study used three quality rice varieties: HT6, T10 andSH2 and Bac Thom N07 was used as control.Thecultural practices applied tothe experiments, such as seeding rate, crop management, and harvesting was based on the average oflocal farmers. The experiments werearranged in Randomized Complete Block (RCB) and repeated thrice. Growth, yield, and culinary quality were recorded and evaluated. The experimental results showed that HT6 rice variety has highest yield (averageyieldof7.12 tons/ha), higher thanthe control by 11.6%. (P =0.05). HT6 variety brought the highesteconomic efficiency(net profit of VND 37.7million/ha). Qualityanalysis showed that rice variety HT6 has low amylose content, high gel strength, especially, good eating quality with a typical aroma. After cooking rice remains soft, shiny, good adhesive and smooth. HT6 varitey is recommended to the large scale production.
Determination of Digestiblity and Incorporation Level of Rice Bran inCommon Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Ciet

Tran Thi Nang Thu, Nguyen Thi Hong Thu

Received: 16-11-2012 / Accepted: 06-01-2013
Possibility of using rice bran as raw material for common carp feed was evaluated throughthe digestibility value and its incorporation level in diet. The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of rice bran was measured by indirect method using chromic oxide Cr2O3 as inert marker, feces were collected by sedimentation. The chemical composition of rice bran was 8.41% protein and 13.51% lipid. The digestibility of dry matter, protein and lipid of rice bran were high, reachingvaluesof97.86%, 87.45% and80.21%, respectively. Digestibilityof mineralsinrice branfor commoncarpvery high, reaching87.16%. Comparedwiththeprevious studiesonthedigestibilityoftherawmaterialsforcarp, rice branhasa relatively highdigestibilitywhich can beexplainedbythe different digestibility measure method. Evaluationthe effects ofdifferentricebranincorporation level ongrowth performance was carried out on common carp of size50g/fishwith3diets which weresupplemented35%, 40% and45% of rice bran. The growth performanceoffish fed 35% rice bran diet was significantly better than that of fish fed 40% and 45% rice bran diets. There was no significant difference between growth performace of fish used40% and45% rice bran diets. Rice bran can be incorporated in common carp diet at the suitable level of 35%. Thedaily growth weight gain was 2.23 g/fish/day and feed conversion ratio was 1.87 for common carp fed diet contenning 35% rice bran.
Reproductive performance of the nucleus herd of stress negative Piétrain and Duroc swine raised at the animal farm of Hanoi University of Agriculture

Do Duc Luc, Ha Xuan Bo, Nguyen Chi Thanh, Nguyen Xuan Trach, Vu Dinh Ton

Received: 12-11-2012 / Accepted: 24-12-2012
A study was carried out from December 2011 to August 2012 to evaluate reproductive performance of nucleus herd of stress negative Piétrain (Piétrain) and Duroc pigs raised at the experimental farm of Hanoi University of Agriculture. A total of 35 gilts, including 21 Piétrain (11 with halothane genotype CC and 10 with CT) and 14 Duroc CC gilts were monitored for their reproductive performance. Piétrain boars (3 CC and 5 CT) were mated to Piétrain and Duroc gilts to produce Piétrain purebred and crossbred Piétrain x Duroc pigs. Results showed that genotype of the boar and the sow affected body weight and litter weight at birth and at weaning (P<0.05). Total number of pigs born, number born alive, number alive to weaning, individual bodyweight at birth, individual bodyweight at weaning, litter weight at birth, litter weight at weaning, survival rate at birth, survival rate to weaning were 9.91, 9.26, 8.11 piglets, 1.4, 6.4, 12.97, 51.96kg, 94.32 and 88.55%, respectively. Body weight and litter weight at birth and at weaning of piglets from Piétrain CC boars were higher than those of piglets from Piétrain CT boars (P<0.05). Reproductive performance was highest for Duroc CC sows, followed by Piétrain CC and lowest for Piétrain CT sows (P<0.05). Reproductive performance of the nucleus herd could be improved by using Piétrain CC boars mated to Piétrain CC sows and Duroc CC sows.
Studying some Technical Measures to Improve the Yield and Quality of Van Ban Pear Variety in Lao Cai Province

Vu Ngoc Lan, Nguyen Huy Duc, Tran Anh Tuan, Nguyen Thi Phuong Dung

Received: 31-10-2023 / Accepted: 07-03-2024
The Van Ban pear is a fruittreethat brings high economic efficiency to local peoplein Lao Cai province which was at risk of eroding precious genetic resources due to the traditional farming practices of mountain people. Aims to effectively exploit and sustainably develop this pear variety, 3 experiments were conducted, including (1) Study on the effects of fertilization treatmentson growth, yield and quality of Van Ban pear variety; (2) Study on pruning combined with pulling branches techniques on growth, yield and quality of Van Ban pear variety; (3) Study on the effects of some soil moisture retention measures on growth, yield and quality of Van Ban pear variety. Research results indicatedthat applying 1,200 kg/ha of Viet Nhat synthetic NPK fertilizer (15 : 15 : 15 + TE) gavea high fruiting rate (4.47%); large fruit (353.1 g/fruit), high yield (213.9 kg/tree. Pruning branches three times a year combined with pulling branches once increasedfruit setting rate, number of fruits/tree, productivity, fruit setting rate (4.73%), fruit size (349.9 g/fruit) andthe actual yield reached190.3 kg/tree.The most optimal treatment to retain moisture was plant matter’s addition to the soil, combined with applying AMS-1 moisturizing agent at an amount of 0.1kg/tree. Fertilizing and moisturizing as above had enhancd fruit quality (increased dry matter content, total sugar, brix and vitamin C content) of Van Ban pear variety.
Evaluation of Effects of Herbal Product PremixHad and Doxycycline on Feed Conversion Ratio and Small Intestinal Villus Measurements in Swiss albino Mice

Hoang Trung Hung, Vu Van Cuong, Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong, Do Van Hieu, Phuong Thien Thuong, Nguyen Duc Hung, Nguyen Ba Tiep

Received: 28-03-2023 / Accepted: 04-08-2023
Thí study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of herbal product PremixHad and doxycycline on feed intakes, feed conversion ratios and villus measurements of small intestine in Swiss albino mice via growth parameters and micro-morphological measurements. The results showed that PremixHad supplement in feed with concentrations of 1.25%; 2.5%; 5.0% and doxycycline (2g per liter of drinking water) were safe for the mice. Supplement concentation at 1.25% improved BW gain. PH and doxycycline increased feed efficiency via the decrease of FCR. PH showed good effects on height, width and height/width ratios of duodenal and jejunal villi but no effect on ileal villus sizes. Meanwhile, doxycycline decreased these parameters in the mouse illeum. It can be said that PH is safe with positive effects on the intestinal health of Swiss albino mice and should be tested in livestock animals to confirm the effectiveness.
Prevalence of Bovine Mastits, Affecting Factors andExperimental Treatment in Phu Dong Dairy Farm

Lai Thi LanHuong, Pham Hong Trang

Received: 11-09-2017 / Accepted: 02-10-2017
The aims of present study were to evaluate the prevalence of mastitis, identify factors influencing disease incidence and test treatment methods in Phu Dong dairy farm in Gia Lam-Ha Noi. The results by California Mastitis Test showed that the prevalence of clinical mastitis was lower than that of sub-clinical cases (10.43% and 25.36%). Based on methylene blue decolorization test, 90% of testing milk samples could be used within 24 -48 hours. The percentage of milk samples discolorized by the dye within 30 minutes was 3.33%. The risk of infection was influenced by the stage of milking. The highest incidence was found in the first month of lactation then reached lowest point at fourth month. The infection rate continued to increase from sixth month toward the end of the lactation period. Age was positively correlated the disease incidence. Cows with higher levels of cross-bred rate had higher rates of mastitis. Treatment with neomycin/amoxicillin combined with pumping inside the infected udders and proper care was effective.
Research on Conversion of Isoflavonefrom Glycoside to AglyconeForm DuringSoaking

Truong Huong Lan, Nguyen Thi Viet Ha, Nguyen Manh Thang, Nguyen Van Quyen

Received: 19-03-2012 / Accepted: 25-05-2012
It has been demonstrated that in human, isoflavone aglycones (daizein, genistein and glycitein) are absorbed faster and in greater amounts than their glycosides. However, most of isoflavones in soybean seed exitsted in glycosylated form. In this study, we investigated conversion of isoflavone from glycoside form to aglycone form during water soaking at different temperatures (20oC to 60oC) in 8 hours. Besides, water absorption rate and changes in the turbidity of the water, which the soybean were soaked in were also observed. Isoflavone glycosides and isoflavone aglycones were determined by HPLC. The results showed that the conversion of isoflavone from glycoside form to aglycone form was highest during soaking in 50oC water and it takes 4h to increase isoflavone aglycones from 6.1 mg/100 g (2.1% of total isoflavone) to 15.4 mg/100 g (5.6% of total isoflavone). In this condition, the water absorption rate of soybean reached 126.5%. Soaked soybeans are potential materials for functional food production.

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