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Effects of Concentration and Timing of Foliar Application of Phenylalanine on the Growth, Yield and Curcumin Content in Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhizaRoxb.)

Bui Thi Cam Huong, Luu Thai Danh, Le Vinh Thuc

Received: 05-04-2017 / Accepted: 17-07-2017
The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors, factor A consisted of 4 levels of phenylalanine (0, 50, 100 and 200 ppm), factor B consisted of5 times the phenylalanine treatment (90, 120 150, 180 and 210 days after planting - DAP), and3 replications with3 pots/replication. The results showed that phenylalanine did not affect the growth of turmeric such as number of tillers per clump, number of leaves per clump, number of leaves in main tiller, height of pseudostem, leaf length and leaf breadth. However, the difference in clump weight and content of curcumin was statistically significant at 1%. Treatment at120 DAP resulted inhighest clump weight and content of curcumin(198.7 g/clump and 11.23%,respectively). The clump weight and curcumin contents in the 100 ppm phenylalanine treatment were higher than other concentrations(211.5 g/clump and 12.26%, respectively). Phenylalanine application at120 DAP with the concentration of 100ppm yieldedthe highest clump weight and content of curcumin (279.6 g/clump and 12.4%, respectively) as compared with the remaining treatment groups.
Influence of Fetilizer on Growth and Tuberous Root Yield of Mondo GrassIntercroping with Young Pomelo Tree, on Ferralic Acrisolsat HaHoa District, Phu Tho Province

Nguyen Dinh Vinh

Received: 05-09-2012 / Accepted: 04-10-2012
The experiment aimed to define suitable fertilizer dose for vegetative growth and tuberous root yield of mondo grass on Ferralic Acrisols at Phu Tho province. Amongsix different fertilizer doses of fertilizer applied, 10 tons organic fertilizer +20kg N + 30kgP2O5+ 30kgK2O/ha appeared to be most suitable to obtainmaximum tuberous root yield and economic efficiency.
Selection of Endophytic Microorganism from Thionic Fluvisols in Hai Phong

Nguyen Thi Minh

Received: 05-05-2017 / Accepted: 14-06-2017
This research describes the result of isolation and selection of endophytic bacteria which is considered useful for plant growth from the Thionic Fluvisols in Kien Thuy district, Hai Phong for applying in agricultural production and environmental protection. The endophytic microorganisms were selected by assessment of IAA production, inorganic phosphorus solubilizing, cellulase and amylase synthesis and pH and temperature adaptability. Of the 120 strains isolated from plant at Thionic Fluvisols region, 8 endophytic bacteria strains were selected including 2 trains belongs to Pseudomonasgenus, 3 strains of Azospirillum, 2 strains of Burkholderiaand 1 strain of Klebsiellawith strong hydrolysis enzymes and phosphorus solubilizing,high ability in plant growth production (IAA), wide pH and temperature adaption. These microorganisms will be promising solutionsfor using and reclamation ofThionic Fluvisols.
Development of Aromatic Thermo-sensitive Genic Male Sterile (TGMS) Lines

Nguyen Van Muoi, Pham Thi Ngoc Yen, Tran Van Quang, Nguyen Thi Tram

Received: 19-03-2015 / Accepted: 01-12-2015
The aromatic thermo-sensitive genic sterile lines were selected from segregating populations ofcrosses between T1S-96 and T7S used as female and pollinators BT7, Basmati 370, Hoa sua and Huongcom using pedigree method of selection. These lines were of sterile type without pollen. All of 23 TGMS lines were genotyped with tms5 while AT19 line had both tms2 and tms5 gene, 22 TGMS lines were genotyped with fgrfgr gene. Five lines (AT1, AT5, AT9, AT24 and AT27) had short growth duration and desirable phenotype. These lines showed good tillering capacity, violet stem andawn, and long grain. The leaves and endosperm of these lines possessed aromatic smell. The critical sterility inducing point (CSIP) of these line are 240C with high outcrossing rate.
Breeding of New Maintainer Lines for Development of CMS in Hybrid Rice Breeding in Viet Nam

Bui Viet Thu, Vu Thi Thu Hien, Nguyen Thi Tram

Received: 02-02-2015 / Accepted: 29-11-2015
In three-line hybrid rice system, the development of new maintainer lines (B lines) suitable to ecological conditions with good characteristics plays an important role. In this study, we had made two combinations,BoB x IR58025B and II32B x IR58025B and applied pedigree method ofselection for short stature plant, short growth duration, high stigma exsertion, pollen abundance and good grain quality. Twenty five and 23 new B lines from BoB x IR58025B and II32B x IR58025B were selected, respectively, in F6 generation in spring season 2012. Those lines showed very good characteristics that are suitable for B lines possessing the desirable traits mentioned above. Crossing these lines with CMS line (IR59025A) showed that most of the lines produced F1 with 100% sterility. Therefore, the new maintener lines can be developed by crossing between two B lines which can be maintained for two types of cytoplasm to develop new CMS background for development of three-line hybrid rice in Viet Nam.
Ảnh hưởng của phân bón hữu cơ và vô cơ đến sinh trưởng và chất lượng của cây hoa Thu Hải Đường và Dạ Yến Thảo trồng chậu

Vu Ngoc Thang, Dong Huy Gioi, Li Hua Tang, Nguyen Thi Ngoc

Received: 12-06-2015 / Accepted: 02-12-2015
Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của phân bón vô cơ và hữu cơ đến sinh trưởng và chất lượng của hoa trồng trong chậu. Ba loại phân bón bao gồm phân hữu cơ (COF), vô cơ (CIF) và dung dịch dinh dưỡng tổng hợp (FSMN) đã được bố trí thí nghiệm trên 2 loại hoa trồng chậu (Thu Hải Đường - Begonia semperflorens và Dạ Yến Thảo - Petunia hybrid Vilm). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, xử lý phân bón giúp tăng sinh trưởng, quang hợp và chất lượng của hai loại hoa trồng chậu. Trong đó, phân bón COF có ảnh hưởng tốt nhất đối với các chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng và chất lượng hoa chậu so với các phân bón còn lại. Đặc biệt COF kích thích sự phân nhánh, tăng số lá, tăng hàm lượng diệp lục và hiệu suất quang hợp của 2 loài hoa trồng chậu. Giá trị cao nhất về đường kính thân, số hoa/cây, độ bền của hoa đều được quan sát ở công thức phân bón COF. Ngoài ra, Thu hải đường và Dạ yến thảo đều nở hoa sớm nhất trong công thức phân bón COF so với các công thức phân bón còn lại trong thí nghiệm.
Economic Efficiencyof Slow Release Fertilizer Applicationin Sedge Production in Nga SonDistrict, Thanh HoaProvince

Le Huu Anh, Nguyen Tat Canh

Received: 03-04-2015 / Accepted: 03-08-2015
The aim of the present study was to assess the economic efficiency of slow release fertilizers (SRF) in sedge production in Nga Son district, Thanh Hoa province. Data was collected from 34 and 87 households with and without SRF usage, respectively, in summer crop of 2014. The indicator used to measure economic efficiency was value added (VA) in the value chain analysis (VCA) in accordance with household economics. Partial budget analysis (PBA) was utilized to clarify the differences in VA between households with SRF and without SRF usage. It is found that the application of SRF (N: P: K = 17: 7:10) at 700 kg.ha-1 with supplementary fertilization of 70kg super phosphate yielded in highest economic return. Two-way sensitivity analysis with various sedge price and productivity scenarios confirmed the stability of the practice. Therefore, tt is strongly recommended that this practice should be used in sedge production in Nga Son, Thanh Hoa.
Optimization of Transformation Protocol for Japonica Rice cv.Taichung 65 through Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Hoang Thi Giang, Mai Duc Chung, Nguyen Thi Hue, Jeremy Lavarenne, Mathieu Gonin, Nguyen Thanh Hai, Do Nang Vinh, Pascal Gantet

Received: 16-10-2014 / Accepted: 22-07-2015
In the present study, we have successfully developed a transformation protocol for a rice variety Taichung 65 mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens with high efficiency, easy manipulation and reduction in labour work. In the protocol, we have optimized all steps of transformation, standardized components of culture media and presented several manipulation experiments. Experimental results have shown that using petri dishes with high edge (15 mm) and exposing explants not only increased the rate of callus formation, but also enhanced the size and quality of calluses. Using bacterial suspension at density OD600nm = 0.1 was optimal with high GUS expression in callus (81.25%) and low contamination. During the selection phase, transformed calluses grew better in petri dishes with high edge (15 mm) and exposing explants. Checking for the presence of R4 promoter at the molecular level showed high frequency of regenerated plantlets carrying the transgenes (up to 90.24%). GUS expression in different tissues of transgenic plants indicated the high activity of promoter R4, leading to initiate transcription and synthesis of GUS enzyme. Analysis of T1 plants confirmed the stable inheritance of transgene to the next generation.
In VitroHaploid Production by Anther Culture of Dong Du Mustard (Brassica juncea)

Nguyẽn Thanh Hải , Dang Thi Thanh Tam

Received: 13-10-2014 / Accepted: 22-07-2015
Androgenesis is a phenomenon in which microspores are made to bypass the sexual pathway and follow the sporophytic mode of development to generate new plants without the intervention of fertilization under in vitro conditions. Micorospore culture provides an ideal system, with a large, relatively uniform population of haploid cells, for use mutant selection, genetic transformation and in studies on the molecular mechanism of induction of androgenesis and embryogenesis. This paper aimed at establishing a protocol for anther microspore embryogenensis in traditional variety of Brassica juncea (Dong Du mustard). Five haploid lines was created from anther microspore culture. The results showed that, medium and plant growth regulator concentration had a pronounced effect on androgenic response in anther microspore cultures of Brassica juncea (Dong Du mustard). The medium B5 is the most suitable for morphogenesis of anther microspores culture. The highest percent of embryogenensis (2,33%) was obtained B5 medium supplemented with α-NAA 0,5 mg/l and Kinetin 1 mg/l. MS medium supplemented with IAA 0,5 mg/l, BA 0,5 mg/ l, 3% sugar and 8 g / l agar was capable of regenerating seedling from embryos. MS medium supplemented with 1,0 mg/l BA was optimal for shoot multiplication with a rate of 3.94 after four weeks. MS medium with 0,5 mg/l α-NAA was appropriate for root induction in terms of root number per shoot (6.54 root/shoot) and average length of root (3.68 cm) after three weeks.
Static and Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Plates Using TheSimple Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (S-HSDT)

Duong Thanh Huan, Le Minh Lu, Tran Minh Tu, Vu Van Tham

Received: 22-12-2014 / Accepted: 30-07-2015
This paper used the simple higher order shear deformation theory (S-HSDT) to analyse the static and free vibration of simply supported (diaphragm), elastic functionally graded (FG), rectangular, plates. Functionally graded materials (FGMs), although heterogeneous are idealized as continua with their mechanical properties changing smoothly with respect to the spatial coordinates. Poisson’s ratio is assumed to be constant, but their Young’s moduli and densities vary continuously in the thickness direction according to the volume fraction of constituents, which is mathematically modelled as power law function. The equations of motion are obtained using Hamilton’s principle employing S-HSDT. Navier’s solution is used to solve the equations of motion. The effect of variation of material properties in terms of gradation index, the effects of aspect ratios, thickness-to-side ratio on the bending, the stresses and the natural frequencies of FG plates are studied in this article. The numerical results are also compared with results available in the literature to validate theoretical model of the paper.
Application of Thin Cell Layer Technique in Studying Morphogenesis of Panax vietnamensis HaetGrushv.

Duong Tan Nhut, Vu Thi Hien, Vu Quoc Luan, Nguyen Phuc Huy, Nguyen Ba Nam, Nguyen Thi Kim Loan, Nguyen Thanh Sang, Vu Thi Thuy, Nguyen Hong Hoang, Thai Xuan Du

Received: 07-08-2014 / Accepted: 04-06-2015
In the present study, the morphogenesis of leaf tTCLs, petiole lTCLs and petiole tTCLs, and main root tTCLs of Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. was investigated. Explants were cultured on MS media containing 30 g/l sucrose, 8 g/l agar and different concentrations of plant growth regulators including NAA, 2,4-D, BA and TDZ (alone or in combination). After 10 weeks of culture, results indicated that leaf tTCLs, petiole lTCLs and main root tTCLs gave the embryogenesis, callogenesis and root formation whilst petiole tTCLs resulted in callogenesis and root formation but not embryogenesis. The highest embryogenesis rate (89.6%), callogenesis rate (91 - 98.8%) and root formation rate (98.8%) were recorded when leaf tTCLs were cultured on media supplemented with 2.0 mg/l NAA and maintained under a long photoperiod with 16:8-h light-dark cycle (LD 16:8); leaf tTCLs, petiole lTCLsand petiole tTCLs, main root tTCLs were cultured on media with 2,4-D plus BA under a long photoperiod and darkness; and media with 1.0 mg/l NAA under darkness, respectively. Light conditions significantly affected the morphogenesis of all explant types. LD 16:8 was found to be suitable for embryogenesis, and formation of globular, heart- and torpedo-shaped, and cotyledonary embryos were observed. The darkness, on the other hand, showed to be effective for root formation and callogenesis, milk-white roots with few branches and yellowish friable calli were obtained.
Effect of Potassium Fertilizer Dosage on Growth and Yield ofJapanese Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) in Acid Sulphate Soils at Binh Tan District, Vinh Long Province

Le Thi Thanh Hien, Le Vinh Thuc, Truong Thi Minh Tam, Nguyen Bao Ve

Received: 03-11-2014 / Accepted: 04-06-2015
Potassium is an important nutrient for the growth and root yield of sweet potato. An experimentwas carried out to determine the optimal level of potassium for yield and quality of Japanese purple sweet potatoin acid sulfatesoils at Binh Tan District, Vinh Long Province. The experiment was set up in a randomized completed block design with 7 treatments and 3 replications, 35 m2/each replication (7 x 5 m). The treatments were 100 kg N/ha - 80 kg P2O5/ ha combined with 5 levels of K2O (0, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg K2O/ha) and 80 kg P2O5/ha - 250 kg K2O/ha combined with 125 kg N/ha and 187 kg N/ha. The results showed that 200 kg K2O/ha combined with 100 kg N/ha - 80 kg P2O5/ha increased commercial rootyield of purple Japanese sweet potato by57.4% in comparisonwithzeroapplication of potassium or 31.2% compared with farmers' fertilizationpractice (100 kg K2O/ha). It was suggested thatgrowers should apply thisas recommendation for sweet potato cultivation in acid sulfatesoil at Binh Tan, Vinh Long.
The Effectof Potassium Chlorideon the Productivity and Quality of Allium fistusolumL.

Vo Minh Thu

Received: 25-07-2014 / Accepted: 04-06-2015
Allium fistusolumL.is a spicy vegatable containing variousnutrients beneficial to the human body, suchas vitamins and mineral elements. In addition, onionscaneliminatestinking/discomforttastes and excite apatite. There are several cultural practicesavailable to increase in the productivity and the quality of Allium fistusolumL, including the fertilization withmacronutrients.An experimental was carried out in Phu Cat district of Binh Dinh province to determine the effect of different KCl levels (160 kg K2O to 220 kg K2O hecta-1) on yield and quality of Allium fistusolum.The onion bulbs were planted in slight loam substrate.Theresults showed that applyingKCl at 190 kg K2O per hectare yielded in high bulb yield, larger bulbsizeand weight and higher dry matter content, reducing sugars, vitaminsCand PPand minerals in comparison with other KCl rates.
Factors Influencing Eco-tourism Service Quality at Ba ViNational Park, Ha Noi

Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung, Do My Hanh, Nguyen Quoc Oanh

Received: 17-02-2015 / Accepted: 17-05-2015
This study aimed at analyzing factors influencing service quality of ecotourism at the national Park in Ba Vi, Ha Noi. The influencing criteria were measured and tested through the methods of Cronbach alpha coefficient and Exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The primary data were collected in 2014 on 252 tourists. The research results of Ordinal Logit Regression revealed that except “transportation”, six factor groups affecting service quality of ecotourism included eco-landscape, empathy, responsiveness, liasion, management capacity, and safety. Among these, the eco-landscape appeared to be major factor determining eco-tourism quality.
Effect of Extracting Conditions on Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activityof Diep Ha Chau (Phyllanthus amarus)Cultivated in Phu Yen

Nguyen Tien Toan, Nguyen Xuan Duy

Received: 06-03-2014 / Accepted: 22-05-2014
Diep ha chau (Phyllanthus amarus), a valuable medicinal plant, has been grown at the industrial scale recently. This study was carried out to evaluate effect of extracting conditions on polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of Diep ha chau cultivated in Phu Yen province. Factors influencing on extraction were investigated, including: Type of solvent (acetone 50%, ethanol 50%, methanol 50%, and water), time of extraction (5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 min), temperature of extraction (30, 40, 50, 60, and 70oC), and ratio between material and extracting solvent (1/10, 1/20, 1/30, 1/40, and 1/50, g/ml). Polyphenol content was determined by spectrophotometric method, antioxidant activity was measured based on DPPH free radical scavenging ability. Additinally, total reducing power capacity, oxidation of -carotene-linoleic acid model system, and oil-in-water emulsion model were also conducted to evaluate antioxidant activity of extract leaf from Diep ha chau. Research results showed that the suitable extraction condition as followed: Ethanol 50%, 20 min, 60oC, and a ratio of material/solvent 1/30 (g/ml). Phyllanthus amarus extract exhibited antioxidant activity on in vitro as DPPH, total reducing power, -carotene-linoleic acid model system, and oil-in-water emulsion model. These results of the study provided valuable scientific data toward Diep ha chau medicinal plant.
Study onin Vitro Micropropagation of Six hybridsHippeastrum esquestre (Aition) Herb.

Pham Duc Trong, Nguyen Hanh Hoa, Phi Thi Cam Mien

Received: 19-03-2014 / Accepted: 29-05-2014
This study was conducted to establish a preliminary protocol for in vitrorapid propagation of six Hybrids of H.esquestre. Results showed that the optimal medium for shoot initiation from bulb scales of six hybrids (H1, H3, H5, H37, H85, H12) wasMS + 2-3mg/lBA +1.0 mg/l kinetin + 0,25mg/l αNAA.Shoot propagation was 2.79-3.75 shoots/explant. Small shoot and bulds were divided in to four parts and cultured in to MS + 3-5mg/l BA +1.0 mg/l kinetin + 0,25mg/l αNAA.Shoot propagation was 4.23-5.65 shoots/explant.Rootingmedium consisting of MS+ 1.5-2.0mg/l NAAinduced shoots with 100%root formation. Well-rooted plantlets were successfully transplanted to sand and rice husk substrate (3:1). The rate of plants survival was 100% and plants grew and developed well.
Population growth of Small Brown Planthopper Laodelphax striatellusFallen (HOMOPTERA: DELPHACIDAE)

Tran Quyet Tam, Tran Dinh Chien, Nguyen Van Dinh

Received: 15-11-2013 / Accepted: 26-12-2013
The Small Brown Planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallen (SBPH) is a key insect pest of rice in Northern provinces. In addition to direct damage to development and productivity of rice, SBPH is a vector of viral diseases of rice. The study was conducted at the relative humidity of 85% and two temperatures, 250C and 300C with the food being 15-day old rice seedlings of variety Bacthom No 7. The results showed that at 250C and 300C SBPH’s life cycle was relatively short with 28.5 days and 24 days; the oviposition time with 9 days and 7 days; and average number of eggs per female 154.07 and 104.63, respectively. At 250C and 85% RH, SBPH’s the natural intrinsic rate (r) was relatively high (0.1194); Net reproductive rate (R0) was 52.07 and time for double population (DT) was 5.81 days. At 300C and 85% RH, SBPH’s the natural intrinsic rate (r) was relatively high (0.1294); Net reproductive rate (R0) was 32.91 and time for double population (DT) was 5.36 days.
Thu hồi protein và lipit từ đầu cá ngừ bằng enzyme protease công nghiệp

Nguyen Thi My Huong

Received: 28-09-2013 / Accepted: 22-12-2013
Sự thu hồi protein và lipit từ đầu cá ngừ vây vàng theo phương pháp thuỷ phân bằng enzyme đã được nghiên cứu. Sự thuỷ phân đầu cá ngừ được thực hiện bằng Protamex 0,5% ở nhiệt độ 45°C, không điều chỉnh pH, trong thời gian 120 phút, tỉ lệ nước/nguyên liệu là 1/1 (ml/g). Hiệu suất thu hồi nitơ, thành phần axit amin của sản phẩm thuỷ phân protein, hiệu suất thu hổi lipit và thành phần axit béo của dầu cá thu được từ sự thuỷ phân đầu cá ngừ đã được xác định. Kết quả đã chỉ ra rằng sau 120 phút thuỷ phân, hiệu suất thu hồi nitơ và lipit lần lượt là 70,3% and 65,4%. Sản phẩm thuỷ phân protein từ đầu cá ngừ vây vàng có hàm lượng protein 80%, lipit 1,3% và tro 7,9%. Sản phẩm thuỷ phân protein có hàm lượng axit amin không thay thế cao (33,67%). Dầu cá thu được từ sự thuỷ phân đầu cá ngừ giàu axit béo omega 3 (18,99%), đặc biệt axit docosahexaenoic (DHA) và eicosapentaenoic (EPA). Hàm lượng axit béo omega 6 là 4,37%. Các axit béo có hàm lượng cao trong dầu đầu cá ngừ là palmitic (29,75%), oleic (16,76%) và docosahexaenoic (14,56%).
Comparison of Some Quality Paddy Varieties in Spring Crop at Muong Thanh Field, Dien Bien District

Hoang Cong Menh, Hoang Tuan Hiep, Pham Tien Dung

Received: 01-03-2013 / Accepted: 18-04-2013
An experiment was conductedonFluvisols Acrisoil duringspring rice from 2011to2012in the the Muong Thanh field,Dien Bien District to compare the quality ricevarieties. The study used three quality rice varieties: HT6, T10 andSH2 and Bac Thom N07 was used as control.Thecultural practices applied tothe experiments, such as seeding rate, crop management, and harvesting was based on the average oflocal farmers. The experiments werearranged in Randomized Complete Block (RCB) and repeated thrice. Growth, yield, and culinary quality were recorded and evaluated. The experimental results showed that HT6 rice variety has highest yield (averageyieldof7.12 tons/ha), higher thanthe control by 11.6%. (P =0.05). HT6 variety brought the highesteconomic efficiency(net profit of VND 37.7million/ha). Qualityanalysis showed that rice variety HT6 has low amylose content, high gel strength, especially, good eating quality with a typical aroma. After cooking rice remains soft, shiny, good adhesive and smooth. HT6 varitey is recommended to the large scale production.
Việc làm phi nông nghiệp và thu nhập của nông hộ:Trường hợp nghiên cứu vùng ngoại thành Hà Nội

Tran Quang Tuyen, Steven Lim

Received: 19-02-2013 / Accepted: 18-04-2013
Bài viết nghiên cứu mối quan hệ giữa việc làm phi nông nghiệp và thu nhập hộ gia đình vùng ven đô Hà Nội. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng phần lớn các hộ gia đình trong mẫu khảo sát tham gia vào hoạt động kinh tế phi nông nghiệp và thu nhập từ hoạt động này đóng góp phần lớn cho thu nhập của các hộ. Các nhân tố tác đông tới thu nhập hộ gia đình được nghiên cứu bằng việc sử dụng mô hình hồi quy đa biến và kết quả đã khẳng định tầm quan trọng của việc làm phi nông nghiệp trong việc nâng cao thu nhập hộ gia đình. Bên cạnh đó, chúng tôi phát hiện rằng một vài biến số khác như giáo dục, tiếp cận tín dụng, đất đai và tài sản sản sản xuất có tác động tích cực tới thu nhập hộ gia đình. Dựa vào kết quả thực nghiệm, bài viết đề xuất một vài hàm ý chính sách có thể giúp nâng cao thu nhập của hộ gia đình.
The Participation of Ethnic Communities in Poverty Reduction Activities in the Northern Mountainous Region

Luu Thi Tho, Pham Bao Duong

Received: 04-02-2013 / Accepted: 18-04-2013
The Northern Mountainous Region is characterized by a high density of ethnic minorities , topographical ruggedness and high poverty rate. A number of poverty reduction programs/projects was implemented with specific activities. However, the assistances are not the universal key for poverty reduction that requires, more than anything else, the efforts of communities. In the present paper analyses the current status and points out factors affecting the participation of ethnic communities in poverty reductions activities. Measures to be taken are proposed including revision of policies, renewing the ways of community mobilization, better information exchanges and human capacity building for ethnic minority’s staff in order to better mobilizing the participation of communities in poverty reduction efforts.
SinhtrưởngvàphẩmchấttinhdịchcủalợnđựcPiétrainkhángstress thuầnvàđựclaivớiDuroc

Do Duc Luc, Ha Xuan Bo, Farnir Frederic, Pascal Leroy, Dang Vu Binh

Received: 19-02-2013 / Accepted: 24-04-2013
Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của các thành phần di truyền Piétrain kháng stress khác nhau và mùa vụ đến sinh trưởng của lợn đực hậu bị và phẩm chất tinh dịch của chúng. Có 5 nhóm thành phần di truyền được đánh giá, bao gồm: PiDu25, PiDu50, PiDu75, PiCC và PiCT. Kết quả cho thấy, nhóm di truyền ảnh hưởng đến các chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng và phẩm chất tinh dịch. Các nhóm đực lai PiDu25, Pu50 và PiDu75 có tốc độ sinh trưởng cao hơn nhưng tỷ lệ nạc thấp hơn so với Piétrain kháng stress, ngoại trừ PiDu75. PiDu25, PiDu50 và PiCC có phẩm chất tinh dịch tốt. Mùa vụ ảnh hưởng đến hầu hết các tính trạng phẩm chất tinh dịch của đực Piétrain kháng stress thuần chủng cũng như các nhóm đực lai khác. Nồng độ tinh dịch ở mùa hè và mùa thu thấp nhất, cao hơn về mùa đông và mùa xuân. Nên sử dụng các đực lai giữa Piétrain và Durroc, đặc biệt là PiDu75 làm con đực cuối cùng.
Tiếpcậntíndụngcủacáchộchănnuôi: NghiêncứutạitỉnhHảiDương, ViệtNam

Le Thi Minh Chau, Philippe Lebailly, Nguyen Tuan Son

Received: 06-11-2012 / Accepted: 17-12-2012
Trong những năm gần đây,cung cấp tín dụng cho nông thôn từ khu vực chính thức đã tăng trưởng đáng kể. Tuy nhiên đầu tư tín dụng cho nông nghiệp còn chưa đáp ứng được nhu cầu về tín dụng cho sản xuất và chưa tương xứng với đóng góp của nông nghiệp cho sự phát triển kinh tế và xã hội trong khu vực nông thôn. Nghiên cứu này sử dụng số liệu điều tra từ hộ chăn nuôi ở Hải Dương và kết quả của nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng tín dụng cung cấp từ khu vực chính thức vẫn chưa đáp ứng được nhu cầu về tín dụng của các hộ chăn nuôi. Tỷ lệ người phụ thuộc, diện tích đất trồng trọt, diện tích ao, số lượng lợn thịt là các yếu tố liên quan đến nhu cầu vay của hộ về tín dụng từ khu vực chính thức. Ngoài ra, tuổi, trình độ học vấn của chủ hộ, diện tích ao cá là yếu tố cơ bản ảnh hưởng đến khả năng tiếp cận tín dụng của hộ từ các ngân hàng được phản ánh bằng số tiền vay nhận được. Những hạn chế trong cung cấp tín dụng nông thôn của khu vực chính thức cũng gây trở ngại cho tiếp cận tín dụng của người chăn nuôi.
Growth rate, carcass performance and meat quality of Ban pigs and crossbred F1(Mong Cai x Ban) pig raisedin Hoa Binh province

Vu Dinh Ton, Nguyen Cong Oanh, Nguyen Thi Huyen, Nguyen Van Duy, Le Huu Hieu, Nguyen Van Thang

Received: 18-05-2012 / Accepted: 16-11-2012
The study was carried out in Doc Lap commune, Ky Son district, Hoa Binh province from 2010 to 2011. The aim of the study was to compare the growth rate, carcass performance and meat quality between fattening pigs of local breed (called Ban pig) and F1 crossbred pig (Mong Cai boar × Ban sow). The results showed that over the same period of age, the growth rate of both F1 (MC × B) crossbred and Ban pig were considerably low, and the average daily gain (ADG) of the crossbred (125.30 g) was remakably higher than Ban pig (65.50 g) (P<0.05). Other indicators of meat quality such as percentage of water loss, pH45, pH24 and colour of meat were within normal range of pork. It was clearly shown that using Mong Cai boar crossbred with Ban sow has improved the growth rate and carcass performance of fattening pigs. The crossing formula (Mong Cai boar × Ban sow) was recommended for popular adoption in mountainous areas of Hoa Binh province, where most of Muong communities reside.
Relationship among pH, Driploss and Colour of Pork

Do Vo Anh Khoa

Received: 29-03-2012 / Accepted: 12-06-2012
Studying on relationship among pH, driploss and colour of pork post-mortem revealed signicant difference for pH value, colour and driploss of ham and loin at time points 45min, 6h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h and 72h post-mortem (p=0,00). Along storage time at 4oC, reduction of pH and increment of driploss level leading to decrease of pork colour were recorded. Drip loss was significantly correlated with pH and colour of loin at 24h (R2 = 0,61) and 36h (R2 = 0,69) post-mortem (P<0,01). Results implied that loin and ham should be consumed within 24h after slaughtering.

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