Vol. 21 No. 7 (2023)

A pot experiment was carried out in net house to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization levels (0.5; 1.0 and 1.5g N per 0.03m2pot) on photosynthesis, grain yield and bran oil of the promising line with thick aleurone layer (Ja12) and the check variety (the original Mizuhochikara) in both autumn and spring season. The photosynthetic rate was measured in 5 plants of each treatment at flowering, milkand dough stages while whole plant dry matter accumulation was measured in five plants at effective tillering, booting, dough and mature stages. At the harvesting stage, the grain yield, ratio of bran/brown rice, and oil content were analysed in 20 plants of each treatment.The experiment results showed that photosynthesis rate and dry matter accumulation increased in both rice varieties with increasing N fertilizer level. The grain yield and characteristics related to oil quality including lipid content and γ-oryzanol content ofJa12 were higher than those ofthe check variety at all fertilizer levels in both cropping seasons. Increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer did not increase the ratio of bran/brown rice but increased the content of bran oil and the γ-oryzanol content in both rice varieties, especially the increase was much higher in Ja12 than that in Mizuchihokara variety in both cropping seasons.

The study aimed to determine the appropriate rate of potassium fertilizer to ensure high yield and quality of medicinal herbs, Japanese Angelica. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design. Root system, yield and content of extracts in the roots were evaluated. Results show that application of 120 K2O/ha resulted in optimum root growth, high individual dry and high extract content. This was also the level of fertilizer that gave the highest profit margin. The above results show that 120 K2O/ha is suitable for Japanese Angelica grown in Phu Tho.

Panamadisease is a letal fungal diasese caused by the soil-born fungus Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. cubense(Foc). This study aimedto identify isolated Focstrainsandexaminetheir biological characteristics and the antagonistic effects of some antagonistic microbial agents against Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. cubenseisolated from collected samples. The morphological characteristic of the fungus Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. cubensetropical race 4(Foc-TR4) cultured on PDA medium varied from white to pale purple, with no spore cluster formed. There were two types of asexual spores: microconidia and macroconidia. Microconidiawereusually without septum, ovoid, oval, and 1.0-2.1 × 2.2-3.0µm in size. Macroconidiawerewith 2-5 septa, mostly with 2-3 septa, crescent-shaped with average size varying from 2.6-3.2 × 9.2-35.5µm. The pathogen Foc-TR4grew at temperatures from 15-35C. The optimum temperature for fungal growth was 25C. The appropriate pH for Foc-TR4fungus to grow and develop well was 6.0-7.0. The diameter of the fungal colony rangedfrom 74.8-77.9mm. The results of evaluating the antagonistic effect against Foc-TR4on PDA medium showed that Trichoderma asperellumgave the highest inhibitory effect (74.52%), followed by the Chaetomium globosumC10 at 67.35% and Bacillus velezensisYB9 at 61.33%. The results of this study provide more information about Foc-TR4strain and the biological controlof banana wiltdisease.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of Yucca formulation on growth and survival rate of the black apple snail (Pila polita). The experiment consisted of 4 different treatments: (1) No Yucca supplement (Control); (2) Yucca supplement at 1 g/m3(Yucca1); (3) Yucca supplement at 2 g/m3(Yucca2); (4) Yucca supplement at 3 g/m3(Yucca3). Each treatment was conducted in three replicates. Yucca was added to the treatment tanks in 2 days interval for a period of 40 days of experiment. The black apple snails with initial weight and height of 0.04 g and 5.00 mm, respectively, were reared in composite tanks at a density of 200 snails/tank. Results after 40 days of culture showed that the survival rate of black apple snail was highest in Yucca3 (99.33%). There was a significant difference in survival rate between yucca-supplement treatments with the control (P <0.05). The height and weight of the black apple snails in Yucca3 (12.92mm and 0.50g) and Yucca2 (12.56mm and 0.46g) were higher and significantly different (P <0.05) from the control or Yucca1.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the quality of Ban pig semen collected by two different methods: extraction from epididymis and ejaculation. After thawing, three parameters of Ban pig sperm including sperm motility, concentration and live rates were evaluated. The results showed that the quality of the Ban pig epididymal semen (TL03) was better than that of the ejaculated semen (HB02). The concentration and sperm motility after thawing affected the rate of embryo cleavage after IVF. Porcine oocytes fertilized with TL03 semen showed cleavage rate of 77.2%,higher than that of oocytes fertilized by HB02 crystal group (58.6%). The rate of blastocyst formation between the two groups was not affected by the two factors mentioned above, but it was influenced by the percentage of post-thaw live spermatozoa. The blastocysts formation rate of porcine oocytes fertilized with TBL03 semen was 29.6% which was higher than that of oocyte group fertilized with HB02 semen (18.2%, P = 0.016). Therefore, assessing the percentage of live spermatozoa plays an important role in determining the development ability of IVF porcine embryos.

This study aimed to examine some physiological parameters including heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation in dogs that were anesthetized with sevoflurane for sterilization and to examine the associations between these parameters at different times of anesthesia. Thirty-four (34) dogs with body weights between 1.7 and 25kg were pre-anesthetized with zolazepam, tiletamine, medetomidine hydrochloride, and butorphanol, and then they were maintained with sevoflurane. Physiological parameters were recorded at different times during anesthesia. During surgical anesthesia, the heart rates and body temperatures of most dogs were in the physiological range. The respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation varied widely. At the time of the Sevoflurane connection, the heart rate was directly proportional to the breathing rate, and systolic blood pressure was directly proportional to temperature and heart rate. However, these associations were no longer present at 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the sevoflurane connection. At 60 minutes, oxygen saturation was inversely proportional to diastolic though this association was not present at the time of the Sevoflurane connection and at 30 minutes. The results show that sevoflurane maintenance of anesthesia in dogs was safe. Because physiological parameters could vary widely within each dog and during anesthesia, all dogs have to be monitored carefully throughout the surgical process to handle complications that might occur. On the other hand, Sevofulrane might have effects at different degrees on different physiological parameters and this potential characteristic should be investigated in future research.

This study was carried out to determine the polymorphism of growth hormone (GH), growth hormone receptor (GHR) genes and the association of the polymorphisms with body weight in Lien Minh chicken. Total 835 birds (329 males, 506 females) with body weight form 1 day old to 20 weeks of age were observed. Genomic DNA was extracted form blood and analyzed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by PCR-RFLP. For G662A/GH, three genotypes, AA, AG and GG were found with the frequency of allele A was 0.91 and allele G was 0.09; for G1705A/GH, also 3 genotypes: AA, AG and GG with allele A frequency of 0.18 and allele G of 0.82 were identified; for C571T/GHR polymorphism, 3 genotypes: CC, CT and TT with frequency of allele C was 0.74 and allele T was 0.26. Chickens with the GG genotype of G662A/GH polymorphism had a significantly higher body weight than the individuals with the AA genotypes from 11 to 20 weeks of age (P <0.05). For the G1705A/GH polymorphism, chickens with AA genotype had a significantly higher weight than chickens with AG genotype from 12 to 17 weeks of age (P <0.05), and significantly higher than chickens with GG genotype from 8 to 20 weeks of age (P <0.05). No association between C571T/GHR polymorphism with body weight trait in Lien Minh chickens (P >0.05) was detected in this study.

Land accumulation and concentration for development of commodity agriculture is an inevitable trend. The study aimed to assess the current situation and propose solutions to enhance accumulation and concentration of agricultural land in Hung Yen province. The methods used included secondary survey, primary survey, Likertscale and T-test. The area of Agricultural land in Hung Yen province is about 62.52% of the natural land area and tends to decrease with an average of 215,15 ha/year in 2010-2021 period. By 2021,Hung Yen province accumulated and concentrated 6.496,7 hectares of agricultural land (11.17%), with 3 main methods: (i) farm rental accounting for 48.96%, (ii) accumulated and concentrated but no change in land use rights, accounting for 32.97%; (iii) accumulated and concentrated based on the change in land use rights accounting for 19.07%. Land users assessed the accumulation and concentration of agricultural land in Hung Yen province with 2/12 criteria at a very good level and 10/12 criteria at a good level.The paper proposed solutions to increase the accumulation and concentration of agricultural land.

The study was carried out to identify Enterococcusstrains capable of producing bacteriocins, orienting the applications as a supplement to aquaculture feeds and replacing the current use of antibiotics. In this study, bacterial strain ET04 was isolated and evaluated for its ability to antagonize against Staphylococcus aureus and Aeromonas jandaei. The research results showed that the bacterial strain ET04 was determined to have the ability to produce bacteriocin that inhibited the growth of the tested microorganisms. The bacteriocin compound produced by strain ET04 was stable at pH 2.0 to 8.0 and most of the antibacterial activity was lost at pH 10; at pH 12.0 the antibacterial activity was completely lost. On MRS medium supplemented with 3% glucose and yeast extract, bacterial strain ET04 showed the best bacteriocin production ability. Combining morphological, physiological, biochemical, and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA genes, strain ET04 was identified as Enterococcusfaecalis ET04.

In this study we analyzed teaching and learning activities of lecturers and students at Vietnam National University of Agriculture (VNUA), thereby proposed information technology solutions to support them. Using different methods including data collection, analysis and synthesis of theory related to technology and empirical research, we have successfully developed a software using JavaFX, Jsoup, Microsoft Access and Apache POI, which not only enable lecturers and students to keep track of their timetables every week or every day but also assist them in finding their available time. In addition, these also support lecturers to manage classes, store grades and examination schedules in Excel. The software is currently operating stably, facilitating teaching and learning activities at the university and supporting lecturers and students to work more efficiently.

In the process of spray drying, temperature is an important factor that directly affects the quality of the dried product. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately control the temperature, specifically the outlet air temperature. This study aimed to build a heating control system for a spray dryer with a capacity of 2 liters/hour, which is used for practice in the Lab of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Faculty of Engineering, Vietnam National University of Agriculture. The system automatically controls the temperature of the inlet or outlet drying air according to the specific requirements of the user. Moreover, the system temperature is controlled continuously by controlling the voltage supplied to the heater with the PID control method to achieve a stable and accurate temperature as well as to increase the equipment life.

This work aimed to study the effect of ingredients including soybean, pumpkin, and orange jam on quality of soy yogurt. Soy yogurt was analyzed for its nutritional quality and bioactive compounds using instrumental methods and sensory evaluation was performed by the ranking method for various sensorial aspects including texture, color, flavor, and overall quality. The results showed that the most suitable ingredients for soy yogurt production were soybean (cv. DT84), pumpkin ‘Sap’, and 15% orange jam. The resulting soy yogurt had carbohydrate and protein contents equivalent to those in animal-based yogurt, while also containing bioactive compounds with high antioxidant capacity beneficial to human health.

Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotusspp.) are highly nutritious and delicious edible mushrooms with a high economic value but the yield depends on several factors. This study aimed to identify the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, and cultivation substrate for promoting mycelialgrowthandfruitingbodydevelopmentof theTuCauoystermushroom strain P35. In this study, mycelial of the Tu Cau oyster mushroom strain P35 were incubated in 5 different temperature levels (15°C ± 1, 20°C ± 1, 25°C ± 1, 30°C ± 1, 35°C ± 1); using medium supplemented 5 different carbon sources (glucose, fructose, maltose, saccharose, lactose), 5 different nitrogen sources (peptone, yeast extract, ammonium sulfate, casein, ammonium nitrate) and 5 spawning substrates to evaluate filamentous growth. At the same time, mycelial of this strain were cultured in 4 kind of materials (Cotton waste, corn cob, straw, sawdust) to value the fruiting body development.The results showed that the ideal temperature for the favorable mycelial growth of theTuCauoystermushroom strain P35 was 30°C ± 1. Maltose and (NH4)2SO4were considered the most suitable carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. 99% boiled rice spplemented with 1% calcium carbonate (CaCO3)] was the optimal spawning material for mycelial growth. The highest yield performance (48.24%) of theTuCauoystermushroomstrain P35 was obtained when cultivated on a substrate mixture of 94% cotton, 5% wheat bran, and 1% CaCO3.

This article aimed to analyze individual customers' evaluations of digital banking service quality in terms of security, responsiveness, convenience and incentives for customers. The primary data was collected from 200 customers who have been using digital services of Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam (BIDV) Thanh Do Branch. Analytical methods are mainly descriptive statistics, comparison, and ranking. The research results show that the Branch's digital banking service quality was rated at a good level by customers. Among the components that make up the quality of digital banking services, security was rated lowest (3.57/5 points), transaction accuracy and convenience were rated highest (4.08/5 points). In order to improve the quality of digital banking services in the coming years, the branch needs to implement synchronous solutions such as improving the banking data management system, cooperating with Fintech companies to increase security, improving the quality of human resources, innovating technology and promoting communication activities on digital banking services.

Vietnam has the advantage of natural conditions to develop production of fresh vegetables (leafy, root, fruit vegetables and spices)..in which fresh vegetables for export are one of the important products of the agricultural sector. Exporting fresh vegetables are not only to bring export turnover to the country, but also create favorable conditions for supporting industries, especially to develop processing logistics and service. However, Vietnam's vegetable export production has not yet reached its full potential and revealed many limitations. This research used methods of synthesizing and statistical analysis of secondary information/data from books, articles, specialized journals, and domestic and international scientific research in order to systematize the theoretical and practical basis of developing vegetable production for export, thereby generalizing solutions to develop export vegetable production for Vietnam.