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Efficiency Assessment of Some Land Use Types after Conversion from Paddy Land inNam Dinh Province

Nguyen Tuan Hung, Hoang Thai Dai

Received: 18-04-2018 / Accepted: 23-07-2018
This study aimed to assess the efficiency of some land use types after conversion from rice land in Nam Dinh province. Surveys were conducted in three districts of Hai Hau, Nam Truc and Y Yen. Results showed that’s the converion of paddy land to other forms such as medicinal plants, specialized vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants brought about the highest economic value (especial flowers and ornamental plants with the highest value of VND 523.94 million/ha, followed by aquaculture of VND 475.9 million/ha, integrated farm with VND 429.87 million/ha and medicinal plants 234.69 million VND/ha). Land coversion has improved social benefits, created more jobs for local workers, increased income for farmers and made positive changes to the enviroment in production. Conversion of paddy land to other forms of land uses significantly contributed to the land use efficiency and promoted the mechanization of local agricultural production.
Some Morphological and Biological Characteristics of Predatory Mite Paraphytoseius cracentis(Acari: Phytoseiidae) Reared on Two Different Preys

Nguyen Duc Tung, Patrick De Clercq

Received: 26-02-2018 / Accepted: 18-04-2018
Predatory mite Paraphytoseius cracentis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)is a natural enemy of thrips found on some vegetables such as green beans, cucumbers, green squash, egg plant, and peppers in the Red River Delta. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological and biological characteristics of P. cracentisfed on Frankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Carpoglyphus lactis(Acari: Acaridae) at 29°C, 75% RH. The predatory mite fed on C. lactiswas similar in size to that of mite fed on F. occidentalis.The developmental times of immature females and males of the mite fed on C. lactis(4.24 and 4.26 days, respectively) were not significantly different from mites fed on thrips (4.23 days with female and 4.26 days with male). The daily oviposition rate and total number of eggs of P. cracentisreared on C. lactis(1.62 eggs/female/day and 18.48 eggs/female, respectively) were significantly higher than that of females reared on thrips (1.24 eggs/female/day and 13.77 eggs/female, respectively). The intrinsic rate of natural increase of P. cracentisfed on C. lactis(0.215 females /female/day) was significantly higher than that of mites fed on thrips (0.189 females /female/day). In conclusion, predatory mite P. cracentiswas able to survive and increase its population when fed on F. occidentalisand C. lactiscould be used formass rearing of this predatory mite.
Effects of feeds on growth performance and feed efficiency of clown featherback fish Chilata ornata(Gray, 1831) fingerling stage

Nguyen Van Tien, Vu Hong Su, Luu Dinh Ly, Le Van Khoi

Received: 18-04-2012 / Accepted: 28-06-2012
The experiment was carried out to investigate the suitable feed for Chilata ornatareared from fry to fingerling stage in earth ponds. The experimental fish with the mean size of 2- 3cm/fish were reared in earthen ponds at 4 fish/m2 and fed with three types of feed: TAHH (100% commercial pellet with 35 crude protein), HH&CT(50% commercial pellet (50% crude protein) and 50% flesh trash fish) and CT (100% flesh trash fish) for 36 days. The experiment were set up in two replications. The results showed that growth and survival of C. ornate; feed and protein efficiency were not significantly (P> 0.05) affected by the feed sources. Food conversion ratio was significantly (P< 0.05) lower in TAHH treatment than in other treatments. The lowest cost to gain 1kg fish was also observed in TAHH treatment which was significantly (P< 0.05) lower than those in other treatments. Environmental factors such as DO, NH3 and pH were in the safe range for C. ornataculture. It is recommended that commercial pellet (35% crude protein) can used as substitution for fresh trash fish for rearing C. ornatafrom fry to fingerling stage.
Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from Cattle and Pigs with Diarrhea in Hanoiand Surrounding Areas, Vietnam

Huynh Thi My Le, Do Ngoc Thuy, Nguyen Ba Hien

Received: 14-03-2012 / Accepted: 28-07-2012
Diarrhea is a major cause of economic loss in cattle and pig farming. The aim of this study was epidemiological survey of prevalence and molecular typing of C. perfringens isolates associated with diarrhea in cattle and pigs. The study was carried out from 2007 to 2010 in Hanoi and surrounding areas (including Bac Ninh and Vinh Phuc provinces). The biochemical properties of isolated C. perfringens were tested. The results showed that: all isolates of C. perfringens had biochemical properties as described before. PCR typing of isolates was carried out by multiplex PCR. C. perfringens isolated from fecal samples of diarrheic cattle were type A (57.34%), type D (41.33%) and type C (1.33%); whereas all C. perfringens isolated from fecal samples of healthy cattle, diarrheic and healthy pigs were type A. The prevalence of cpe and cpb2 varied with isolated genotypes. There was a significant association between cpb2 positive C. perfringens isolates and diarrhea in pigs. Of the 304 isolates from pigs with diarrhea examined, 138 (45.39%) were positive for the cpb2 gene and 52 (17.11%) were positive for the cpe and cpb2 genes, whereas none of the isolates from healthy pigs were positive for the cpb2 gene.
Effect of Fertilizer Doses on Winter-grown Soybean on Alluvial Soils in Trieu Son District, in Thanh Hoa Province

Doan Van Luu, Vu Dinh Chinh, Vu Quang Sang

Received: 30-10-2017 / Accepted: 09-01-2018
The effect of fertilizer doses on soybean was evaluated todetermine optimal fertilizer levelfor growth and yield of soybean grown in winter cropping season in Thanh Hoa province. Theexperiments were performed on two soybean varieties D140 and ĐVN5using two factor split - plotdesignwith 3 replications Research results of experiments showed thatfertilizer levelsaffectedthe leaf area, mass and number of nodules, dry matter accumulation, total podson plants and grain yield of winter grown soybean. Optimal dose of fertilizer to achieve high yieldandnet income for both soybean varieties D140 and ĐVN5 in Thanh Hoa provincewass 30 kg N + 90 kg P2O5+ 60 kg K2O/ha.
Current Situation of Rickets in Dogs in Some Northern Provinces and Identification of Effective Treatment

Pham Thi Lan Huong, Nguyen Van Thanh, Pham Ngoc Thach

Received: 31-03-2017 / Accepted: 06-07-2017
The study aims to evaluate rickets in the population of 856 dogs in some northern provinces including Hanoi, Lang Son, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Thai Binh, Hai Phong, and Quang Ninh and to identify effective treatment regimens. The results showed that the disease rate varied among 4 different breed groups and 4 age ranges, higher in exotic dog populations in that Béc giêbreed had the highest rate (14.91%). Dogs in the age range from 2 to 4 months had highest prevalence (17.20%) followed by the age range of from 4 to 6, under 2, and above 6 months of age (13.30%; 6.49% and 4.16%, respectively). Intrevenous injection with calcium had high treatment effect (recovery rate 100% after 10 days of treatment). In addition, nursery and nutrition cares played an important role in recovery process.
Ứng dụng ngôn ngữ lập trình hướng đối tượng python cho bài toán mô phỏng sự truyền neutron trong lò hạt nhân trong điều kiện tới hạn với cấu trúc hình học phẳng

Luong Minh Quan, Nguyen Thi Thanh

Received: 22-07-2015 / Accepted: 03-09-2015
Sử dụng phương pháp lặp theo hàm mũ để giải phương trình truyền neutron trong lò phản ứng hạt nhân với cấu trúc hình học phẳng, một chiều bằng phương pháp mô phỏng Monte Carlo để xác định trị riêng và hàm riêng (tương ứng với sự phân bố của nguồn phân hạch) tồn tại hai vấn đề chính là: (1) sự hội tụ chậm của nguồn phân hạch dự đoán ban đầu về phân bố thực; (2) mối liên hệ giữa các chu kỳ trong mỗi mô phỏng sẽ dẫn đến sai số khi đánh giá độ tin cậy của kết quả thu được. Do đó, nghiên cứu này đã đề cập tới một phương pháp mới, Wielandt, với mục đích tăng tốc quá trình hội tụ của nguồn ban đầu và đưa ra phương án mới để đánh giá mối liên hệ giữa các chu kì liên tiếp trong một mô phỏng độc lập. Ngôn ngữ lập trình hướng đối tượng có tên gọi Python đã được sử dụng để mô tả sự truyền của hạt neutron đơn năng, đồng thời so sánh kết quả thu được bằng hai phương pháp khác nhau. Kết quả cho thấy, phương pháp mới đã giải quyết thành công các vấn đề đặt ra của bài toán Monte Carlo. Tuy nhiên, bài toán về hệ số phẩm chất vẫn cần tiếp tục nghiên cứu thêm.
Effect of Transplanting Dates and Plant Density on Growth and Grain Yield of Photoperiod Sensitive Rice var. Bao thai lun

Vu Duy Hoang, Vu Duc Thang

Received: 11-01-2017 / Accepted: 22-03-2017
The study was carried to evaluate the effectsof transplanting date and plant density on growth and grain yield of photoperiod sensitive rice varietyBao thai lun in summer season in the Red River Delta. Seeds were sown in nursery on 02/7/2016 but seedlingsweretransplanted on different transplanting dates. The 3x2 factorial experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCB) withthree transplanting dates: T1 (22/07/2016 - seedlingsat 20 days old), T2 (05/08/2016 - seedlingsat 35 days old), and T3 (05/08/2016 - seedlingsat 50 days old) and two plantingdensity: M1 (35 hills m-2), and M2 (45 hills m-2). Results indicated thatthe transplanting dates had a significantinfluenceonplant height, number of tillers, leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter of the photoperiod sensitive rice. With delayed transplanting date, the growth duration slightly increased. Higher plant density led tohigher number of tillers m-2and a greater dry matter whereas the growth duration, plant height and LAI were less affected. Delaying in transplanting reduced the panicles number m-2, percentageof filled grains, 1000 grains weight and grain yield. The number of panicles m-2increased with increasing plant density,while no significant effectonpercentage of filled grains and 1000 grains weightwas recorded.
The Affect of Nitrogen Concentrations Applied and Plant Density onSome Physiological, Yield Trait of Waxy Maize HUA518

Duong Thi Loan, Vu Thi Bich Hanh, Nguyen Van Ha, Tran Thi Thanh Ha, Hoang Thi Thuy, Vu Van Liet

Received: 02-03-2016 / Accepted: 28-07-2016
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect ofnitrogen ratesand plant densities on physiological and yield characteristics of waxy maize cv. HUA518using two-factorial design. Nitrogen rates and plant densities did not clearly affect plant height, growth durations and ear height, except the case withoutnitrogen application. The posiste effect ofnitrogen ratesapplied and plant density, however, on leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter accumulation was apparent. These characteristics were closely correlated with yield atmilking stage in all nitrogen treatmentsduring both 2013 autumn -winter and 2014 spring seasons. Yield was affected most by density and fertilizer treatments.The nitrogen rate of 190 kg N/haplus90 kg P2O5and70 kg K2O/ha and the density at 57,000 -61,000 plants/ha gave the highest yield (yield 11-11.8 tons of fresh waxy maize/ha).
Commune Budget in Fiscal Decentralization: A Case Study of Hoang Dieu Commune, Gia Loc District, Hai Duong Province

Nguyen Huu Khanh

Received: 18-06-2014 / Accepted: 01-09-2014
Hoang Dieu, a rural commune located at the center of the Red River delta, was selected as a case study to examine impacts of changes in socio-economic factors on its budget. The results reveal that, during period from 2008 to 2013, the budget of the commune had considerably fluctuated not only in terms of budget amount but also in terms of budget structure. Expenditures for investment depended mostly on revenue from assigning use rights of residential land. We recommend that (1) declaration of commune budget to farmers should be promoted, (2) tax rate for non-agricultural land should be modified, and (3) fee for using public cropland land should be adjusted.
Purification and Expression of DNA Segment Encoding Highly-Antigenic Polypeptide from Capsid Protein P10 of Southern Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus

Do Thi Hanh, Pham Thanh Tam, Pham Xuan Hoi

Received: 26-03-2015 / Accepted: 09-10-2015
Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus-SRBSDV isa new virus species of the genus Fijivirusin the family Reovidae which caused serious rice losses in tens ofmillions of hectares throughout southern China and northernandcentral Vietnam during2009-2010period. To developsensitive and specific antibody for the diagnosis of SRBSDV based on ELISA method, a DNAfragment, namely P10.1, of the SRBSDV S10 segment, that encodes a highly-antigenic polipeptide, was cloned and expressed in E. coli.P10.1 consistingof525 nucleotides was cloned into vector pGEM®-T, then inserted into the expression region of pET28a and transfromed into E.colistrainRosetta to express recombinant polypeptide. Polypeptide fused with His-tag was expressedat 37°C,for16hwith 1.0 mM IPTGinducer. Using Ni-NTA chromatographic column recombinant polypeptide of about 35 kDa from cell extractswas purified. The purified polypeptide will be used as antigenfor inducing specific antibody against outer capsid protein of SRBSDV.
MEAT QUALITY COMPARISON BETWEEN FAST GROWING BROILER ROSS 308 AND SLOW GROWING SASSO LAYING MALES REARED IN FREE RANGE SYSTEM

Nguyen Duy Hoan, Mai Anh Khoa

Received: 25-09-2015 / Accepted: 09-12-2015
Trong chăn nuôi gà đẻ trứng, gà trống thường bị loại thải ngay khi vừa mới nở. Tuy nhiên, để đáp ứng xu hướng sử dụng các sản phẩm sạch của người tiêu dùng ngày nay, thay vì loại thải, gà trống mới nở được đưa vào nuôi chăn thả. Với ý tưởng như vậy, chúng tôi tiến hành thử nghiệm nuôi gà trống hướng trứng Sasso (dòng lớn chậm) và gà hướng thịt Ross 308 (dòng lớn nhanh) trong trong điều kiện thả vườn và so sánh chất lượng thịt của chúng. Sáu mươi gà của mỗi giống nuôi nhốt đến 21 ngày tuổi với mật độ 6 gà/m2, sau đó gà được nuôi chăn thả với mật độ 5 gà/m2.. Gà thí nghiệm được nuôi theo quy trình của Bộ NN & PTNT(2010). Tại hai thời điểm 49 và 90 ngày tuổi, tiến hành mổ khảo sát để phân tích, so sánh chất lượng thịt gà trong hai lô thí nghiệm. Đánh giá chất lượng cảm quan thịt gà sau khi chế biến bằng cách chấm điểm dựa trên 6 tiêu chí: màu sắc, mùi, độ mịn thớ thịt, độ giữ nước, vị và sự chấp nhận tổng thể của người nếm. Kết quả cho thấy các chỉ tiêu về khối lượng sống, khối lượng thịt xẻ, khối lượng thịt ngực và tỷ lệ mỡ bụng ở gà hướng thịt Ross 308 cao hơn so với gà trống hướng trứng Sasso ở tất cả các giai đoạn tuổi (P > 0,001). Độ pH của thịt gà Ros 308 tại thời điểm 24 giờ cao hơn pH thịt gà trống Sasso. Về mầu sắc, thịt gà trống Sasso được đánh giá đậm hơn so với gà trống Ross 308 (P > 0,001). Kết quả đánh giá cảm quan cho thấy thịt gà trống hướng trứng Sasso ngon hơn thịt gà Ross 308 (P > 0,01) tại thời điểm 90 ngày tuổi.
Evaluation The Rice Distiller’s By-Product Used as Feed for Small-Holder Pig Production in Three Provinces of Northern VietNam

Nguyen Cong Oanh, Pham Kim Dang, Vu Dinh Ton, Hornick Jean-Luc

Received: 05-10-2015 / Accepted: 09-12-2015
In order to evaluate the potential of the rice distiller’s by-product for use as feed, the chemical composition and nutritive value, and its utilisation in pig production, 120 rice alcohol producers were surveyed and 18 samples of rice distiller’s by-product were collected from 3 traditional alcohol villages belonging to 3 different provinces in the North of Viet Nam (Hai Duong, Hung Yen and Bac Giang). The study results showed that rice distillers’ by product was produced in large quantity and available the whole year round in households surveyed (8.266 kg DM/household/year). The majority of this by-product was used for pig production. The rice distiller’s by-product use in feed ration varied between 11- 40% DM and 11-50% DM for sows and fattening pigs, respectively. For the sows, this by-product used in diet gradually reduced from pregnancy to milking sows. For the fattening pigs, its by-product is used continuously from piglet to finishing stage. Rice distiller’s by-product was high in protein, NDF (% DM) and energy (28.18%, 29.93% and 4.866,67 kcal/kg, respectively) but low in dry matter (DM) (11.04%). The low pH value (3.19) and high lactic acid ratio (2.31 g/100 g sample) might help improve digestive health and prevent intestinal diseases.
GrowthPerformance, BackfatThickness and Selection Orientation for Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire Boars Raised atDABACO Nuclear Breeding Pigs Company

Doan Phuong Thuy, Pham Van Hoc, Tran Xuan Manh, Luu Van Trang, Doan Van Soan, Vu Dinh Ton, Dang Vu Binh

Received: 09-12-2015 / Accepted: 13-01-2016
The study aimed to evaluate the growth performance, backfat thickness and selection orientation for boars raised at Dabaco nuclear breeding pigs company. The data on individual productivity of Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire pigs from 246, 524 and 466 individuals, respectively, were statistically analyzed to evaluate the influencing factors by SAS 9.1.3, estimate heritability parameters by VCE 6.0.2, and to predict breeding value by PEST 4.2.3. The results showed that three boar groups attained high daily weight gain, i.e. 785.23, 796.25 and 794.78 g/day, respectively and 11.75, 12.10 and 12,07mm, respectively, for backfat. Heritability estimates of ADG and backfat were 0.20-0.29 and 0.42-0.52, respectively. The sires with high breeding values for each trait predicted by BLUP also produced progeny with high breeding values. The variation in genetic tendency over the years for ADG as well as backfat suggests the necessity of selective orientation based on BLUP to genetically improve the two traits for the boars raised at the company.
Salinity Tolerance of Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)at The Fingerling Stage

Kim Van Van, Doan Thi Nhinh, Trinh Thi Trang

Received: 18-08-2015 / Accepted: 22-01-2016
To test the culturability in brackish water the experiment was carried out to evaluate the salinity tolerance of Black carp (Mylopharyngodonpiceus) at the fingerling stage. Fish at size of 45 ± 0,3 gram/individual were stocked in several 120L-buckets with stocking density of 15 fish/bucket. The experiment included in 2 trials: trial 1 was conducted to assess salinity tolerance without acclimation when putting Black carp fingerlings directly from fresh water into treatments with different salinity concentration of 0, 5, 10, 13, 15, 17, 20‰; trial 2 was designed similar to trial 1 but fish was acclimated in brackish water before putting into different salinity concentration treatments. The results showed that non-acclimation black carp have 100% survival rate at the salinity of 13‰, but 100% mortality after 102 hours at 15‰, 12 hours at 17‰ and 4 hours at 20‰. Similarly, in the trial 2 with acclimation condition, Black carp were alive 100% at the salinity 13‰ and died quickly at higher salinity levels. Comparison of trial 1 and trial 2 in both condition revealed that Black carp could adapt and grow well in the arrange of salinity from 0-13‰, but quickly died without acclimation at 15‰ and showed no significant differences at 17 or 20‰. The growth rate of Black carp fingerlings in salinity 0‰ was highest with7,9a ± 0,61(gram/fish/week) and in lowest in 13‰ salinity (5,6c ± 1,12 (gram/fish/week). Histological observation indicated that there was no change in shape and structure of gills and kidney at the salinity of 0, 5, 10, 13‰, but at the 15‰ fish gills were dehydrated and shrinked and the kidney was clustered.
Breeding of New Maintainer Lines for Development of CMS in Hybrid Rice Breeding in Viet Nam

Bui Viet Thu, Vu Thi Thu Hien, Nguyen Thi Tram

Received: 02-02-2015 / Accepted: 29-11-2015
In three-line hybrid rice system, the development of new maintainer lines (B lines) suitable to ecological conditions with good characteristics plays an important role. In this study, we had made two combinations,BoB x IR58025B and II32B x IR58025B and applied pedigree method ofselection for short stature plant, short growth duration, high stigma exsertion, pollen abundance and good grain quality. Twenty five and 23 new B lines from BoB x IR58025B and II32B x IR58025B were selected, respectively, in F6 generation in spring season 2012. Those lines showed very good characteristics that are suitable for B lines possessing the desirable traits mentioned above. Crossing these lines with CMS line (IR59025A) showed that most of the lines produced F1 with 100% sterility. Therefore, the new maintener lines can be developed by crossing between two B lines which can be maintained for two types of cytoplasm to develop new CMS background for development of three-line hybrid rice in Viet Nam.
Estimating Environmental Efficiency for Agricultural Production: A Case Study of Rice

Vo Hong Tu

Received: 16-06-2015 / Accepted: 23-12-2015
The paper introduced a methodology to estimate environmental efficiency for agricultural production by applying stochastic frontier analysis. The results estimated from this method are reliable and applicaple in reality because the method can separate noise effects from deterministic frontier and ensures the independent distribution of technical and environmental efficiency scores. The so-called environmental efficiency was defined as the ability to reduce environmentally detrimental inputs while keeping other observed inputs and output level constant. The environmental efficiency is a promising and empirical indicator for producers, consumers and decision makers to arrive atproper solutions or interventions that promote the harmonious development respecting the environment. The paper also provided an example of 199 rice farmers in An Giang province in 2014 to demonstrate the detailed steps of the measurement. The results showed that the average technical efficiency and environmental efficiency were 93.16% and 77.70%, respectively. In all cases, the environmental efficiency scores were smaller than those of the technical efficiency.
Antifungal Ability of Nanochitosan against Colletotrichum acutatumL2 in Post Harvest Tomato Fruit

Le Thanh Long, Nguyen Thi Nga, Nguyen Cao Cuong, Tran Ngoc Khiem, Nguyen Thi Thuy Tien

Received: 07-05-2015 / Accepted: 02-12-2015
This study examined the antifungal effect of nanochitosan on Colletotrichum acutatum L2 isolated from anthracnose infected tomato both in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that nanochitosan inhibited the spore germination and the growth of C. acutatum L2. Inhibitory effect of 50% and 90% mycelial diameter and dry biomass was achieved at the nanochitosan concentration of 0.75 g/l and 1.53 g/l, 0.46 g/l and 1.1 g/l, respectively. Concentration of 1.6 g/l nanochitosan completely inhibited the growth of C. acutatum L2. In in vivo, nanochitosan could control the growth of C. acutatum L2 on tomato fruits. After 10 days, the nanochitosan concentration of 4 g/l inhibited 76% the development of lesion diameter and MIC50 was achieved at concentration of 1.14 g/l.
Comparison of INC and P&O Algorithms in Maximum Power Point Tracking Control of Independently PV System

Nguyen Viet Ngu, Le Thi Minh Tam, Tran Thi Thuong, Nguyen Xuan Truong

Received: 20-05-2015 / Accepted: 19-11-2015
Solar energy is clean and free of cost and does not pollute the environment. The research of solar energy systems plays a very important role that contributes to fully exploit the natural energy resources while traditional energy sources become scare. Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) control for Solar panels considered as an indispensable part of the solar power system is applied in order to improve the efficiency of solar panels. This paper described and compaired Perturb and Observer (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (INC) algorithms that were used to implement for Maximum Power Point control of Solar panels. Simulation results showed that INC algorithm had a better effect than P&O algorithm did.
Selection of Streptomycesspp. Isolates with Antifungal Activity against Rice Blast Fungus, Pyricularia grisea

Nguyen Thi Phong Lan, Vo Thi Thu Ngan, Tran Phuoc Loc, Tran Ha Anh

Received: 11-05-2015 / Accepted: 29-11-2015
Biological control of plant diseases including fungal pathogens has been considered as viable alternative to chemical control. A total of 395 isolates of Streptomyces were evaluated as antagonist agents to Pyricularia grisea. Of these, 50 isolates of Streptomyces showed high antagonistic ability to four races of P. grisea. Six Streptomyces isolates were identified as Streptomyces cavourensis S27, Streptomyces xiamenensis S257, Streptomyces viriabilis S28, Streptomyces iakyrus S233, Streptomyces scopuliridis S136, and Streptomyces fulvissimus S30, that were highly antagonistic to P. grisea. These isolates grew well on medium at high temperature (30oC) and fairly high salt concentration and produced high level of IAA.
Composition, Quantity and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Some Bacteria Isolated from Vaginal Discharge of Dairy Cows

Nguyen Van Thanh, Nguyen Thi Lan, Nguyen Hoai Nam, Le Van Hung, Nguyen Ngoc Son

Received: 11-08-2016 / Accepted: 20-09-2016
The present study aimed to investigate the bacterial flora in the vaginal discharge of dairy cows and their susceptibility to various commonly used antibiotics. Overall, 54 samples from cows with or without post-partum metritis were used for bacterial isolation and identification usingstandard bacteriological criteria. Results showed that bacterial density in the vaginal discharge of cows with postpartum metritis was significantly higher (P<0,0001)than that of cows without postpartum metritis. Two bacteria genera were isolated from both uninfected and infected cows, i.e., Staphylococcus spp.and Streptococcus spp.Their prevalence in the vaginal discharge of uninfected cows was 20,00% and 13,13%, respectively. Meanwhile, these two bacterialgenera were detected from all the samples (100%) of infected cows. Antibiogram demonstrated that these two bacterialgenera were highly susceptible to four types of antibiotics including norfloxacin, amoxicillin, tetracycline and kanamycin. The results suggested that these four kinds of antibiotics could be used for the treatment of metritis in dairy cows.
Dry Matter Productionand Carbohydrate Translocation inSome Improved Rice Lines Developed from Cv. Khang Dan 18

Le Van Khanh, Pham Van Cuong, Tang Thi Hanh

Received: 08-03-2015 / Accepted: 27-05-2015
Apot experiment was conducted in the green house atViet Nam National University ofAgriculture in 2014autumn season to evaluate the dry matter accumulation and translocationof thenon-structure carbohydratesof some improved rice lines(D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5). These lines were developed from a combination between a popular rice variety-Khang Dan 18(KD18) and TCS3 and selected for short growth duration and high grain yield. The results showed that the growth duration of all improved lines were 10-11 daysshorter than that of KD18. The ratesof thenon-structure carbohydratetranslocation from culms to panicles and the rate of filled-grain of the lines D1, D4 and D5 werehigher than those of KD18. There was a closepositive correlation between individual grain yield and the total dry matter weight at the tillering stage and the CO2 exchange rate at the dough-ripening stage.Although the growth duration of improved lines rice was shorter than that of KD18, their individual grain yieldsweresimilar to that of KD18 (D1 and D4) or even higher (D5). Therefore, the accumulative grain yield of these improved lines was higher than that of KD18.
Factors Influencing Eco-tourism Service Quality at Ba ViNational Park, Ha Noi

Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung, Do My Hanh, Nguyen Quoc Oanh

Received: 17-02-2015 / Accepted: 17-05-2015
This study aimed at analyzing factors influencing service quality of ecotourism at the national Park in Ba Vi, Ha Noi. The influencing criteria were measured and tested through the methods of Cronbach alpha coefficient and Exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The primary data were collected in 2014 on 252 tourists. The research results of Ordinal Logit Regression revealed that except “transportation”, six factor groups affecting service quality of ecotourism included eco-landscape, empathy, responsiveness, liasion, management capacity, and safety. Among these, the eco-landscape appeared to be major factor determining eco-tourism quality.
Learners’ Perception on Brand Equity of Accounting and Business Management Education at Viet Nam University of Agriculture

Le Thi Kim Son, Nguyen Quoc Chinh, Le Thanh Ha, Do Kim Yen

Received: 23-04-2014 / Accepted: 27-03-2015
The research focused on assessing the perception of learners on brand equity of accounting and business management education at Viet Nam National University of Agriculture based on secondary data and direct learners’ interview. As a result, learners rated brand of accounting and business education as moderate level, wherein the specilization and employment opportunity were rated lower compared with teaching staff and course practicality. Factor analysis showed that the reputation of the university and the faculty was related to historical development, entry requirements, guaranteed graduation quality and superiority in certain major. The factor of career employment was influenced by employment opportunity after graduation, the value of qualification, flexibility in changing work and career orientation of learners’ families. In addition, the student preferences, the tendency of society and gender also affected the individual leaner characteristics. Finally, education quality were influenced by education facilities, lecturer qualification, teaching method, learning outcome assessment and orientation activities for enhancing student professtional capability.
Neospora caninum INFECTION IN CATTLE - ECONOMIC LOSS, PREVENTION AND CONTROL

Nguyen Hoai Nam, Suneerat Aiumlamai, Aran Chanlun, Kwankate Kanistanon

Received: 02-03-2012 / Accepted: 26-05-2012
Nespora caninumis a parasite which was first detected in Norwegian dogs and has been known as an important abortive cause of cattle. A high abortion rateup to 44% occurs in N. caninumpositive pregnant cows.. Besides, consequence of infection could be culling of the aborted dams, reductionof milk production and weight gain, and increase of veterinary, diagnosisand replacement purchase costs. Various methods have been studied to prevent and control N. caninuminfection in cattle. However, there are no highly effectiveapproaches available in terms ofboth epidemiological and economic aspects so far.

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