Vol. 22 No. 1 (2024)

Purple petunia (Petunia hybrida Hort.), belonging to the Solanacea family, is a popular and high - value potted ornamental plant on the flower market. Therefore, in vitro propagation research of Purple petunia has been carried out in order to produce large numbers of genetically uniform and pathogen-free plantlets to meet market demand. All experiments were arranged in a randomized complete design (RCD) with three replicates. The results showed that Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid medium supplemented with 0.3 mg/l BA was the most suitable medium for shoot regeneration and multiplication of Purple petunia, with a high multiplication rate (19.78 shoots/explant), and a shoot height of 2.36cm after 6 weeks of culture. The most suitable medium for Purple petunia shoot nursing was MS solid medium supplemented with 40 g/l sucrose, producinglarge and green shoot and leaves. The results also showed that the suitable medium for the rooting stage and acclimatization was MS solid medium supplemented with 0.1 g/l activated charcoal (AC), resulting in the root formation rate of 100%; 12.83 roots/plantlet; 2.28 cm in root length with white, long and big roots. After 2 weeks of acclimatization in the net house, plantlets derived from MS solid rooting medium supplemented with 0.1 g/l AC had a survival rate of 100% with 6.47cm in plant height and 15.07 leaves/plant.

This study aimed to evaluate the expression of FIT (FER-LIKE FE DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR) at translational level under different iron (Fe) conditions prolonged 8 and 10 days associated with oxidative stress. This study assessed the expression of FIT at the translational level using the Western Blot technique in transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing FIT for 8 and 10 days. FIT protein contents will be quantified using ImageJ software. The results showed that under Fe deficiency and excess conditions, the expression of FIT protein in 10-day-old plants was lower than in 8-day-old plants, in contrast to Fe-sufficient conditions. Under oxidative stress conditions, the expression of FIT increased except in the condition of Fe deficiency for 8 days. This result helps to complement the further study of the mechanism of FIT under conditions containing different Fe content.

Angelica acutiloba Sieb. et Zucc Kitagawa is a valuable medicinal plant for women that is widely used in traditional medicine. This plant was introduced to Vietnam, for growing in cool climates and propagated by seed. Research on flowering and fruiting characteristics of A. acutiloba Kitagawa contributes to developing varieties suitable for Vietnamese conditions. 5 accessions of A. acutiloba Kitagawa were collected in several provinces and planted in Sapa, Lao Cai from 2018 to 2020. The experiment was designed by RCBD with 3 replications. The results showed a flowering rate of 5-10% in the first year after sowing. In the second year, 589-600 days after planting, the flowering rate was about 90-95%. A. acutiloba Kitagawa bloomed in order of branch levels. The time from flowering to seed maturity for all accessions was about 2 months. The VT-ĐQ02 accession, collected in Sapa, had the lowest rate of flowering plants in the first year after sowing, high accumulation of dry matter in stem, leaves, and root, high seeding ability, and 1,000-seed weight reaching 4.1g. Individual and actual seed yields were 64.57 g/plant and 129.14 kg/ha, respectively.

The study evaluated and compared the bactericidal effect and treatment of the disease of tilapia caused by Streptococcus agalactiae with amoxicillin and amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid. To conduct a study, 4 isolates of S. agalactiae isolated from diseased tilapia were selected for identification by biochemical methods and PCR assay. The inhibition ability of antibiotics was evaluated through the diffusion method on agar plate and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The treatment efficacy was evaluated 14 days post challenge. The results showed that amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid revealed bigger inhibition zones. The minimum inhibitory concentration of amoxicillin was 2 µg/ml compared to that of only 0.25 µg/ml of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The results of treatment experiments showed that amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid could yielded higher treatment efficacy (91.1%) than those treated with amoxicillin alone (77.8%). This is the first study to compare and evaluate the inhibitory and therapeutic efficacy of amoxicillin with and without clavulanic acid on pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture.

This study was conducted to assess the effect of diets supplemented with soybean oil, flaxseed oil, and sacha inchi oils on egg production, egg quality, and egg yolk fatty acids profile. A total of 128 Egyptian hybrid laying hens of 28 weeks of age were divided into 4 experimental groups coresponding to 4 different diets. Birds were fed one of four diets consisting of a control diet (DC), a SB15 diet (DC + 1.5% soybean oil), a FO15 diet (DC + 1.5% flaxseed oil), and a SI15 diet (DC + 1.5% sacha inchi oil). The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. The study results showed no significant differences in final body weight, average weekly egg production, and FCR per 10 eggs were observed between the DC diet and experimental diets (P >0.05). However, during the entire experimental period, the average egg weight (g/egg) of laying hens fed FO15 and SI15 diets was higher (P <0.05) than the DC diet (64.54 and 64.23 vs 62.85 g). Egg quality traits were not affected by the supplementation of vegetable oils (P >0.05). However, dietary supplementation of flaxseed oil (FO15) and sacha inchi oil (SI15) led to significant increase in egg yolk polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially a high level of egg yolk total omega-3 fatty acid (P <0.05). In conclusion, laying hens fed a diet supplemented with flaxseed or sacha inchi oils increased the level of omega-3 fatty acid in egg yolk without adverse effects on egg production, and egg quality characteristics.

This study aims to evaluate the results of implementing land use planning in Nho Quan district, Ninh Binh province. On that basis, groups of solutions were proposed to improve the results of land use planning implementation to meet the socio-economic development goals of the district in the next period. Questionnaire surveys were administered to managers, organizations, and land users followed by interviews. SPSS 20 software was used to analyze, evaluate, and identify factors affecting the results of implementing land use planning. The results showed that there were 6 groups of factors affecting the results of land use planning implementation in Nho Quan district (ranked in order from strong to weak), including: Economic factors (+0.363); Investment environment factors (+0.341); Legal factors (+0.302); Organizational and implementation factors (+0.298); Social factors (+0.287); and other factors (+0.285). Five groups of solutions were proposed to improve the results of land use planning implementation in Nho Quan district, including: Solutions on economic resources for implementing land use planning; Solutions to improve the investment environment; Solutions to ensure legality; Solutions to organize and monitor implementation; and other solutions

Dieback is one of the most common diseases on grape that is caused by fungi belonging to the Botryosphaeriaceae family. Among these fungi, Lasiodiplodia theobromaehas been identified as the most virulent species. Unfortunately, the current treatments for this disease are still challenging and not truly effective. This study was conducted to determine the causative agent and biological characteristics of the grape dieback-causing fungus in Hanoi and Hung Yen as a basis for guiding effective measures in the prevention and treatment of dieback. From grape samples showing dieback disease collected in Hanoi and Hung Yen, three fungal strains were isolated through culture on the PDA medium and these strains were subsequently re-infected onto leaves and stems of grapes. Among them, CK1 and DN1 strains showed similar mycelial characteristics and pathogenicity. Therefore, the CK1 strain was selected for further experiments. Through the molecular identification method with the ITS1/ITS4 primer pair, the CK1 strain was confirmed asLasiodiplodia theobromae and was named L. theobromae CK1. L. theobromae CK1 exhibited good growth on the PDA medium, and the optimal conditions for the strain were 35C and a pH in the range of 6-8. In addition, during its growth, this fungal strain was also capable of producing cellulase, xylanase, and pectinase.

Turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) is a medicinal mushroom used as a health-promoting pharmaceutical, extending life, and adjuvant therapy for cancer patients. The mycelia and fruiting bodies of the Turkey tail mushroom contain various biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides, glucans, phenolics, flavonols, coumarins, isoflavonoids, triterpenoids, and sterols. This study was carried out to choose the optimal culture conditions, including culture pH, temperature, medium, and substrate composition, for the growth of the mycelia and fruiting bodies of the T. versicolor mushroom Tra-6 strain, collected in Lao Cai, Vietnam. The experimental factors were examined individually in a randomized complete block design. Research results show that the mycelia of the Turkey tail mushroom Tra-6 strain quickly grew on MCM and YEA media at pH 8 and 25 ± 1C. Sucrose, yeast extract, MgSO4.7H2O, KCl, and KH2PO4 were the optimal carbon, nitrogen, and mineral salt sources for this strain, respectively. Tra-6 strain had the ability to form fruiting bodies when growing on substrate from agricultural by-products. The highest yield of 44.4kg dry mushroom per ton of dry substrate was obtained on a substrate consisting of 55% sawdust, 24% crushed corncobs, 20% rice bran, and 1% CaCO3 powder.

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for oil and piceatannol extraction from passion fruit seeds. Oil was extracted by dynamic extraction and piceatannol extraction was optimised by response surface methodology. The piceatannol content was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that the best oil extraction conditions were as follows: ethyl acetate used as extraction solvent, temperature of 30C, extraction time of 30 minutes and two times of extraction (with material/solvent ratio of 1/10 and 1/5 (w/v) for the first and the second times, respectively). At these conditions, the oil extraction yield was of 78.12 ± 0.31%. The crude oil had acid value of 1.61 ± 0.05mg KOH/g and peroxide value of 0.62 ± 0.03 meq O2/kg. These values were lower than the maximal legal levels specified in TCVN 7597:2018 Vietnamese standard for vegetable oils. Piceatannol content in defatted passion seeds corresponded to 68.94% of initial piceatannol quantity of passion fruit seeds. A second-order polynomial model with three important variables (ethanol concentration, temperature and extraction time) was successfully built to describe the piceatannol extraction (R2 = 0.9635). The optimised conditions were the followings: 68% ethanol (v/v), at 85C during 45 min. This research could serve as bases for full exploitation of passion fruit seeds, producing by-products utilised in cosmetic and food technologies.

Each human face has anunique characteristic so the face image is used as a security key to access personal accounts in many domains such as bankings, E-commerce services, phone or computer personal accounts. This study aimed to introduce a new solution for class attendance checking by using face recognition technology when combining multi-tasking deep learning networks, to detect faces in photos or videos, encryption of FaceNet to digitize detected faces and support vertor machine clustering algorithm to search and match the face to be recognized with the face stored in the database. This research has obtained a database of student attendance, a computer program that implements the attendance by facial recognition technology, and analyzed and evaluated the effectiveness of other attendance methods, included: using photographs of small group of student and using a webcam connected to a computer in automatic and semi-automatic modes. With this kind of attendance checking system, teachers can control students' class attendance, easily detect cheating in study and examination in both theory and practicum coursesand the final exams.

The study was conducted to isolate and identify the causal agent of leaf spot disease on cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) in Hung Tien, Nam Dan, Nghe An province. Ten symptomatic cabbage leaves were collected from three diseased fields. Morphological examination revealed that only one type of fungus (designated as BC01) was isolated from the cut surface of the diseased leaf pieces. The isolate BC01 had dark olive colonies, white margin, cottony mycelium, branched conidial chains, brown oval or ellipse conidia shape with a short cone-shaped beak at the head, 0-3 longitudinal septa and 1-5 transverse septa. The conidial size ranged from 10.17 to 40.06 × 4.16 to 13.09µm. Based on the ITS gene sequence analysis and morphological characteristics, the isolate BC01 was identified as Alternaria alternata. After 7 days of re-infection, the symptoms on the re-infection leaves were similar to those on the isolated leaves. At the site of infection, the fungal mycelium grew densely and invaded deep into the leaf tissue, while the control leaves showed no symptoms.

This study was conducted with the aim of preparing chitosan nanocapsules transduced with trans-cinnamaldehyde for communication inhibition in bacteria. We used emulsification method to synthesize nanocapsule and nanoemulsion complexes. The nanocapsule and nanoemulsion complexes were transduced with trans-cinnamaldehyde using an oil nucleus and chitosan as cover. The nanocomplex had a uniform particle structure, low dispersion, and the size ranges from 120 to 150nm. Both nanocapsule and nanoemulsion were stable in bacterial culture after 24h of incubation. The trans-cinnamaldehyde transduction efficiency for the nanocapsule and nanoemulsion complexes was 86 and 73%, respectively. Both complexes released the drug through two stages, slowly in the first 6 hours and followed by continuous drug release after 12 hours, reaching 35 and 45%, respectively, for the nanocapsule and nanoemulsion. Bioassays with the E. coli Top 10 biosensor showed that nanocapsule was superior to nanoemulsions in inhibiting bacterial communication, also known as quorum sensing. In the best formulation, nanocapsule inhibited the communication process in this bacterium up to 65%.

E-commerce business is a type of business that has been developing strongly in countries around the world, including Vietnam, with various forms such as: Buying and selling goods, providing services, advertising through the means of television, e-commerce websites, e-commerce exchange, and social networks. In particular, non-cash payment is recommended for use on e-commerce exchange. Research data were collected through convenience sampling of 228 individuals using a questionnaire in Gia Lam district, Hanoi and processed using SPSS 20.0 software, with exploratory factor analysis, reliability test and linear regression model to test the impact of factors on the decision of non-cash payment on some e-commerce exchange and verify the relationship between the impact variables. Research results showed three groups of factors affecting this decision, i.e. (1) Ease of use and popularity of non-cash payment method; (2) Safety, convenience and support of non-cash payment method; (3) Purchase intention and decision to pay by non-cash payment method.

The study was conducted to evaluate the current situation and propose solutions to promote lifelong learning activities of students of the AgronomyFaculty, Vietnam National Universityof Agriculture. Survey results of students, alumni and lecturers of the faculty of agronomy showed thatthe courses in the training program and extracurricular activities are fully equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills so that students can research and self-study.It is necessary to strengthen the application of digital transformation in teaching and learning, organize a variety of exchange activities, cultural exchanges, extracurricular activities, community activities, and motivate and encourage students to participate in business exchanges, increase practice time, organize more training classes on active learning methods, self-study, self-improvement, and research for students to further develop students' life skills capacity.