Vol. 21 No. 1 (2023)

Hedychium(Ginger-lily), a genus of the Ginger family has medicinal and ornamental value for long time ago in the world. Our research focused on flower, fruit, seed, pollen and ripening characteristics of stamens and pistils for breeding purposes. Five ginger-lily accessions collected in some provinces of Vietnam were planted in Gia Lam, Hanoi. The treatments were arranged sequentially in a block without replication. The results showed that Ginger-lily flower has typical structure of Ginger family. The flowers of all accessions bloom in the morning from 8:30 am to 10:30 am, especially, NT1, NT3 accessions bloom one more time in the afternoon at 2-3:30pm. The pistil matures30-60 minutes after anthesis and the stamens mature 2.5-3 hours after the pistil maturity. Pollen grains are round, non-sticky, 72.3-86.8µm in diameter, 76.5-83.3% viabile. Ginger-lily fruit is a capsule with 3 compartments, green when young then turn yellow, light yellow or orange at full maturity. Seed has red sticky aril, slightly rounded shape with angled edges. Fruit weight reaches 1.72-3.92 g/fruit, with 8.4-17.6 seeds/fruit, 2.8-5.9 seeds/compartment. Seed weight reaches 45.17-92.34 mg/seed, 0.32-0.39cm in diameter.

The study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of introduced sunflower varieties in the 2021 Spring cropping season at Gia Lam, Hanoi. The experiment was designed according to a randomized complete block with three replicates for each of the two sunflower varieties, Roshia and Yuyoo 3. Theexperimental plant densities included 83,333, 55,556, and 41,667 plants/ha. The results showed that increasing plant density increased plant height, leaf area index, potential and actual yields but decreased head girth, leaf area, above-ground fresh and dry matter weight, and individual yield. At 83,333 plants/ha plant density, actual yields were highest (3.94 tonnes/ha in Roshia and 3.28 tonnes/ha in Yuyoo 3).

Iron (Fe) is a microelement that plays an important role because it participates in redox reactions in plants. Fe uptake is tightly regulated to meet plant needs and is controlled by the transcription factor Fer-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor (FIT). FIT expression increases in Fe deficiency but decreases in Fe deficient condition. However, when treated with Cycloheximide (CHX), this expression of FIT increased under Fe-sufficient conditions. This study aimed to evaluate whether ZAT12, an inhibitor of FIT, is associated with an elevation of FIT expression under conditions of Fe sufficiency and CHX treatment. The experiment evaluated the expression of FITand ZAT12after treatment with CHX at the end of treatment and 4 hours after treatment. The results showed that the expression of AtFIT and AtZAT12was elevated on Arabidopsis Col-0 and zat12-3grown under Fe sufficient conditions for 10 days and CHX treatment. Thus, in the absence of ZAT12 protein, either by mutations or by CHX translation inhibitors, AtFITexpression was increased. This study provides a way to remove FIT inhibition when plants grown in sufficient Fe condition.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of hand weeding and planting density on weed and growthand yield of the rice variety Huong Thuan 8 cultivated by organic method. The experimentwas arrangd in a split-plot design with three replications. Hand weeding was the main factor with 3 levels: no weeding (L0), hand weeding once at 20 days after transplanting (L1), hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (L2), and regular weeding every 20 days until heading as weed-free check(L3); the sub-factor consisted of three plant densitytreatmentsas 30 hill/m2 (M1), 40 hill/m2 (M2) and 50 hill/m2 M3). The results showed that the increase in hand weeding combined with planting density reduced weed density, and weed dry mass, which led to an increase inweed control efficiency. Furthermore, there were significantdifferences in the growth traits (plant height, tiller number), the physiological traits (leaf area index, dry matter), yield components and grain yield when the number of hand weeding time increased from L0 to L2 and plant density increased from M1 to M3. However, there was no significant difference in the yieldbetween L2 and L3as well as between M2 and M3. The highest grain yield (4.34-4.47 ton/ha) was found at L2M2, L2M3, L3M2 andL3M3.

This study was conducted to identify the current status shrimp resources in the coastal of Hai Phong-Quang Ninh. From 2013-2019, a total of 88 hauls were collected during four surveys representative for the Northeast and Southwest monsoon seasons by a single-shrimp trawler. The survey was conducted applying the fixed sampling stations. Research results identified 53 species of shrimp in 23 genera belonging to 10 families, of which the Penaeidae family was most abundant with 29 species. Research results updated and supplemented 25 shrimp species, including 12 white shrimps and eight mantis shrimps, and identified 25 commercial shrimp species in the study area. Shrimps contributed to 18.31% of the total catch, their proportion in the coastal waters was 30.34% higher than in the inshore (12.92%). The average shrimp yield in the Southwest monsoon season was higher than in the Northeast, with an average was 7.31 kg/h. The average biomass density in the study area was 303.56 kg/km2, and the stock of shrimp was estimated at 2,494 tons in the Northeast monsoon season and 5,116 tons in the Southwest monsoon season. The present study provided the information for protecting and sustainably exploiting shrimp resources in the research area.

The study was conducted to assess the method of using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) equipment and determine the contentsof Fe, Cu, and Zn elements in raw materials and animal feeds. The study used AAS system, built a standard curve of analyte concentration, investigated atomization conditions, measured spectra of analyte elements, and analyzed Fe, Cu and Zn contents in some ingredients and completfeeds were currently being used in some localities.The experiments optimized measurement conditions for Fe, Cu and Zn for the AAS, identified linear ranges and built standard lines and detection limits for Fe, Cu and Zn. On the basis of these conditions, 18 feed materials rich in energy and protein, 11 raw feeds, and complete mix feeds for pigs (14), chickens (15), ducks (7) and dairy cows (2) were analyzed. However, mixed feed samples for pigs, chickens and cows exceeded the nutrition requirement of AAFCO.

The large scale map, an indispensable and important document is the basis for making compensation, support and resettlement plans when implementing land acquisition. The objective of this study was to use unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology to create maps for ground clearance. The research conducted field survey using DJI Phantom 4 Pro UAV and 20MP CMOS digital camera synchronized with the aircraft. Images were collaged and edited by Agisoft metashape. From orthomosaic images, digitization/interpretation was performed directly on the image, the map edited by MicroStation, and Gcadas used to calculate the area. Research results have established a map of 1/500 scale, fully ensuring the quality and detail of land use classification and monitoring of assets on land for ground clearance work in the area research. Research shows that clearance map by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) was an effective technology in terms of products, time, cost and technology development trends.

This study aimedto design an automaticmodelfor quality assessment of potatotuber seeds by applying computer vision. In the study, a number of sproutsandtuber scab diseases (Actinomyces scabiesand Helminthosporium solani) were selected to evaluate the quality of potatotuber seeds. Apicture of the object was taken by Pi 2/3 camera and sentit to Raspberry Pi 4B embedded computer to process the received image with the YOLO-v4 algorithm. Initially,the model drew conclusions about the quality of the seed potatoes through counting the number of sprouts and identifying scabdiseases on tubers with an average processing time of 0.147 seconds. The rate of accurate identification of the diseaseson infected tubers was 93.33% with Actinomyces scabiesand94.74% with Helminthosporium solani.95.56% of sprouted tubers were counted correctly. This evaluation model can be used in an automatic sorting potato seed tubers before planting.

This study aimed to determine the nutritional, physicochemical,and organoleptic composition of Tien Yen’s caponsand layinghensatdifferent slaughtering ages. Caponswere evaluated at 6.5, 7, and 7.5 monthsof age. Hens were evaluated at 5, 5.5, and 6 months of age. The results indicated that the protein content of the meat did not change while the lipid and cholesterol content raised with the increasein chicken slaughter age. The cholesterol levelof capons at 7 and 7.5 months was 1.5 and 1.7 times higher than at 6.5 months, respectively. Similarly, the cholesterollevelof hens at 6 months of age was 1.3 times higher than at slaughter at 5 months. The physicochemical parameters of Tien Yen chicken such as toughness, color, rate of waterloss after storage and loss rate after processing did not show significant differences between slaughter ages, but earlier slaughter age had pH24 values​ higher than that of later slaughter age. The organoleptic quality of chicken meat was the same across the slaughter ages.Thus, slaughtertimeat 6.5 months of age for caponsand at 5 months of age for hens helps to reduce lipid and cholesterol levels in commercial Tien Yen chicken.

The aim of this study is to optimize the culture conditions of Exiguobacterium profundumCH2.1 degrading histamine in order to obtain maximum biomass. The effect of salt concentration, temperature and pH of the culture medium on the growth of E. profundumCH2.1 were determined by CFU method. The single-factor experiments showed that this strain grew well at concentration of salt from 5 to 10%; temperature 37C, and pH from 6 to 8. The JMP optimization software of Box-Behnken experimental design model indicated that temperature 36.7C, pH = 7 and 5% salt concentration appeared as optimal conditions of E. profundumCH2.1, and the cell biomass reached 7.95 log CFU/ml.After optimal condition test, the E. profundumCH2.1 had a log (CFU/ml) value of 8.01 at 3 day.

This study aimed to evaluate student’s satisfaction with the online training courses at the Vietnam National University of Agriculture. We randomly selected 341 undergraduate students of the Faculty of Accounting and Business Management to ask for their self-assessment on the online courses provided. This research used Cronback Alpha to test the measure of scale reliability. By applying Cronbach Alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Regression Analysis, the findings showed that surveyed students satisfied with the online courses provided. Determinants of their satisfaction include service competence, tangible means, responsiveness, reliability, and empathy. Among those positive factors, service competency has the highest magnitude.

Tourism has been identified as a key economic sector of Ninh Binh province. Tourism is also a service business sensitive to impact of the epidemic. The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a huge impact on Ninh Binh’s tourism industry in recent years. The purpose of this article was to clarify the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on Ninh Binh tourism. The data was collected from 50 tourism service businesses, 200 tourism industry workers and 20 tourism managers in Hoa Lu and Gia Vien districts of Ninh Binh province. The survey results show that Covid-19 reduced 70-80% of visitors, thereby affecting negatively the revenue from tourism businesses. Many tourism workers lost their jobs or had to switch to other jobs. However, the number of accommodation establishments did not decrease but increase slightly. From the sesults, several solutions have been proposed from the research results to overcome negative impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic.

The National TargetProgram on New Rural Construction experienced two phases (2010-2015 and 2016-2020), obtaining remarkable achievements, helping to change the situation of rural Vietnam, and gradually improving the living standards of rural population. The program has mobilized the participation of the whole political system, especially the contributions of socio-political organizations. For the next phase 2021-2025, when the program sets higher goals, focusing on quality and sustainability, the roles of socio-political organizations become increasingly important. The present review paper clarified the roles of socio-political organizations associated with the objectives of the new rural construction program in the 3 phases. The roles include (1) Program design, (2) Propaganda-advocacy, (3) Mobilization of resources, and (4) Monitoring - feedback. From the above analysis, the study points out the factors affecting the roles of the socio-political organizations in new rural construction and lessons learned for the next phase.