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• Economic Efficiency of High-Tech Application in Production and Business at Fruit Growing Cooperatives in Mai Son District, Son La Province

  Vu Thi Hai, Phi Thi Diem Hong, Tran Quang Trung, Le Thanh Ha, Bui Thi Mai Linh

  Received: 12-04-2022 / Accepted: 27-09-2022

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study focused on assessing the current situation and economic efficiency of high technology application of fruit-growing cooperatives in Mai Son district, Son La province. The level of high technology application of 50 cooperatives was determined based on the actual situation of high technology adoption in five main stages of production. Research results showed that the level of high technology application at the cooperatives was low, focusing mainly on input and production stages. The study also showed that the economic efficiency of cooperatives applying high technology at different levels wasignificantly different in total revenue and cost of profit. The cooperatives applying high technology at levels 3 and 4 obtained higher economical efficiencies than those applying at levels 1 and 2. Based on the results from the research, a number of solutions in terms of capital, market, infrastructure, land, and capacity were proposed in order to improve the economic efficiency inhigh technology adoption at fruit growing cooperatives in Mai Son district, Son La province.

• Factors Influencing the Income of Khmer Minorities in Kiên Giang Province

  Ngo Thanh Vu, Quan Minh Nhut

  Received: 21-02-2022 / Accepted: 15-08-2022

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study seeks to identify the factors influencing Khmer household income in order to propose solutions to help increase income and improve the living conditions of Khmer people in Kien Giang province. The study used descriptive statistics and least squares regression analysis to determine the factors affecting the income of Khmer ethnic households in Kien Giang province. There were three factors that positively affected the income of Khmer households in Kien Giang province, namely education, arable land, and means of production. Therefore, in order to increase income, solutions such as increasing qualified resources for Khmer households, developing diverse income-generating activities, and providing support for production means must be implemented. In addition, natural disasters and epidemics also exerted a negative impact on the income of Khmer households. Thus solutions to minimize the impact of natural disasters on agriculture are necessary.

• FarmHouseholds’ Adaptation StrategiestoClimate Change in the Northwest Mountainous Region, Vietnam

  Dang Nam Phuong, Vu Tien Vuong, To The Nguyen

  Received: 06-12-2021 / Accepted: 15-08-2022

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study was carried out to determine the level of application of adaptation measures and analyse the factors affecting farmers’choice fordifferent levels of adaptation measures to climate change in the Northwest region. The study site is one of the areas most vulnerable to climate change because most people have the main sourceof income from agricultural production. Primary data werecollected by direct interviewon 438 farmer households through questionnaires. The multivariable logit regression model was used to estimate the influence of the household's socio-economic factors on the level of application of 3 mainsolutionsthat are most frequently applied by surveyed households. The results show that the education level, number of members, agricultural land area and total income from agriculture of the household were the main factors affecting the household's application of adaptation measures. Therefore, the study recommends solutions to raise people's awareness and diversify incomes to minimise impacts of climate change.

• Impact of Linkages on Production and Selling Tea Products of Farmers in Yen Son District, Tuyen Quang Province

  Nguyen Tien Hung, Nguyen Huu Ngoan, Vu Tien Vuong, To The Nguyen

  Received: 15-11-2021 / Accepted: 05-04-2022

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study used a dataset of 100 tea farming households surveyed in 2018 and 2019 in Yen Son district, Tuyen Quang province. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the current situation of tea production of the households while the binary logit model was used to analyze the factors affectingthe household’s decisionto participate in the association.In addition, the study also usedthe analysis of the impact of linkageson the income of households by using the propensity score matching. The results showedthat the decision to join the association of households was affected bygrowing area, number of household’s laborers, household’s assets (cellphones, tea harvester), and educationof the household head. Further policy implications were given such as continuing the land consolidation policyandstrengthening support policies such as training, input and output, promotion, and branding.

• Promoting High Technology Application for Agricultural Cooperatives: Theory and Practice

  Le Thi Thanh Loan, Pham Bao Duong, Nguyen Thi Thiem

  Received: 10-08-2020 / Accepted: 17-05-2021

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Cooperatives play an important role in the national economy to help link and create motivation for small-scale farmer households. Application of high technology in agriculture is considered due to the benefits such as providing safe and high-yielding agricultural products, raising incomes, reducing impacts to the environment. Therefore, promoting the application of high technology in agricultural cooperatives is necessary. This study aimed to overview the theoretical and practical basis for promoting high-tech agricultural cooperatives. Thereby, some suggestions have been given to promote agricultural cooperatives to apply high technology include providing legal bases to help identify high technology agricultural cooperatives; speeding up the formulation and approval of high-tech agricultural projects in localities; flexibility in forms of a mortgage when borrowing capital; extending the limits on land holdings; raising awareness of producers and consumers on the role of high technology and paying attention to capacity building for the cooperative management board as well as fostering vocational skills for agricultural workers.

• Assessment of Heavy Metal Accumulation in some Leaf Vegetables under the Effects of Irrigation Water

  Nguyen Thi Giang, Nguyen Van Dung, Nguyen Thi Hang Nga, Ngo Thi Dung

  Received: 07-12-2020 / Accepted: 15-04-2021

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study was conducted from September to November of 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the heavy metal accumulation and health risks of the irrigated leafy vegetables Brassica juncea L,Basella alba L,Lactuca sativagrown from other sources along Cau Bay river, the section flowing through Da Ton commune, Gia Lam district, Hanoi. The contents of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) in water samples, soil samples and vegetable samples were determined with methods of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The analysis results showed that the productivity of leafy vegetables was increased when the water of Cau Bay river was used for irrigation together with increased accumulation of heavy metals in soil and vegetables compared to the vegetables irrigated with groundwater. Cd content in all 3 types of vegetables exceeded the allowable limit level, of which the accumulation of Cd and Pb in Brassica junceaL were higher than in Basella alba Land Lactuca sativa. However, the Cu, Zn contents were still at a safe level according to QCVN 8-2: 2011/ BYT and Decision 106/2007/QD-BNN. As the results showed the health risk index (HRI) and the target hazard quotient (THQ) when consuming 3 vegetables in this case are currently at the safe threshold.

• Aquacultural Cooperatives in Quynh Nhai, Son La: Current Status and Policy Implication

  Phi Thi Diem Hong, Le Thi Minh Chau

  Received: 04-09-2020 / Accepted: 24-11-2020

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study analyzed the current status of aquacultural cooperatives in Quynh Nhai, Son La, in order to identify obstacles in the development of this cooperative type. Our research approach was made following the performance assessment criteria of Circular 01/2020/TT-BKHDT issuing on February 19, 2020 by the Ministry of Planning effectively from April 1, 2020, to do the survey on 21 aquaculture cooperatives and their 107 cooperative members in Quynh Nhai. The research results showed that: (i) the aquacultural cooperatives have still had difficulties in accessing policies on land (surface area) and credit; (ii) Small and micro scale of capital and assets for production; (iii) A stable development value chain has not yet been formed; (iv) The managers’ competence was still limited for an extensive development or innovation.

• StudyonGreenhouse Gas Emission ofRice Soils in Thai Binh Province

  Chu Sy Huan, Mai Van Trinh, Cao Viet Ha, Bui Thi Phuong Loan, Vu Thi Hang, Dinh Quang Hieu, Dao Thi Minh Trang, Bui Thi Thu Trang

  Received: 04-12-2019 / Accepted: 11-03-2020

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Objectives of research is to determine Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission on rice field. Research was carried out on 3 soil types and 2 land use type: rice-rice and rice-rice-winter crop in 2018. Gas samples were taken 4 replications at each site, at 8 growing states and 2 rice season with total of 1024 sample by close chamber method and were analyzed by Gas Chromatograph. Research results showed that, CH4 emission in spring season increases from deriving new roots to tillering periods, then fluctuated depending on water level in the field. With acid sulphate soil, emission higher and in longer time. In summer, emission increase immediately after transplanting, get pick at periods of tillering - particle initiation (28mg CH4/m2/hr),then decrease gradually. N2O emission in spring season largely range in growing states and N fertilizer scheme and get pick at flowering time (0,4mg N2O/m2/hr). Total emission in terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP - ton CO2e /ha/year) ascending are the fluvisols of double cultivating rice season < saline soils < fluvisols cultivated 3 crops of double rice and upland crop <acid sulphate soils. Emission intensity (kgCO2e/kg rice grain) in the spring season in ascending are saline soils <double rice on fluvisols <3 crops of double rice and upland crop on fluvisols <acid sulphate soil.In summer season, double rice on fluvisols <saline soils <acid sulphate soils <3 crops of double rice and upland crop on fluvisols. 

• Studies onArable Soil PropertiesandSolutions forSoil Amendmentand Land Use Orientation inTha Ket Town, Kham Muon Province, Lao PDR

  Nguyen Tien Huyen, Nguyen Van Dung

  Received: 26-03-2020 / Accepted: 23-04-2020

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study was conducted to assess the soil properties and soil nutrient contents in Kham Muon Province, Lao PDR,as a basis to propose improvements and variable crops for cultivation purposes. The results showed that the soil had light soil texture (sandy soil), very acidic soil, no saline, high organic matter (OM: 2.6), high N content (N: 0.4%), high total P (TP: 0.1%), total dissolved P (TDP: 5.9mg/100g soil) was relatively high, total sulfur and total dissolved sulfur were high. However, total potassium, total dissolved potassium, calcium and magnesium exchange, micronutrient contents were low, microorganism in underdeveloped soil and high-density population of nematodes. In order to improve the soil quality, lime should be applied to improve the pH, increase the use of organic fertilizers and mulching to prevent soil erosion. Base on the soil analysis results, the variable grasses and crops use as animal feed or vegetable crops, tuber crops, mangos, dragon fruit, pineapples etc. on this soilare proposed to apply.

• The Development of Small and Medium-Sized Agricultural Production Enterprisesin Vietnam: Theoretical and PracticalFundamentals

  Nguyen Thi Huyen Cham, Pham Bao Duong, Nguyen Tat Thang

  Received: 29-09-2019 / Accepted: 03-02-2020

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The development of small and medium-sized agricultural production enterprises is considered as the force of agricultureand rural development. However, it iscurrently being faced with numerousshortcomings. Therefore, the paper aimed to clarify concepts, roles, and factors which affect medium-sized agricultural enterprises. Some case studies in Vietnam and abroad are also summarized. Finally, some lessons could be learnt. Relevant policies in each stage of development areneeded. Enterprises should be supported to access land and capital as well as technology transfer. Moreover, it is necessary to support them in market development, product development to increase their sales.

• Solutions for Attracting the Investment of Enterprises in Agriculture Sectorin Hoa Binh Province

  Tran Tuan Son, Ho Ngoc Ninh

  Received: 25-09-2019 / Accepted: 15-11-2019

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  This study aimedto assess the current status of attracting the investment of enterprises and proposedsolutions for enhancing the investment of enterprises in the agriculture sector in Hoa Binh province.This study collected information from150 agricultural enterprises and 90 local government officialsin Hoa Binh. Hoa Binh paid much attention and issued many policies and solutions to improve the investment environment, enhance competitiveness and attract enterprises to invest in agriculture sector. As of 2018, therewere525 projects in the province, of which only 59 wereagricultural projects (accounting for 11.2%), with total investment of 14.5 trillion VND. However, the results obtained from attracting enterprises’ investment in agriculture were stilllow, not commensurate with the potential and advantages of the province.Therefore, there are a number of solutions should be implementedin order to effectively and sustainably attract enterprises investing in agriculture sector in Hoa Binh such as: completing and well-implementing policies on land, credit and human resource improvement; reforming administrative procedures and improving the investment environment; investing in upgrading and completing infrastructure for agricultural production; improving the capacity of cooperatives; Integrating sectoral and product plannings into general socio-economic planning.

• Researching the Relationship between Agricultural Land Fragmentation and Crop Production Efficiency of Farm Households in Bac Giang Province

  Nguyen Thi Dung, Nguyen Quang Ha, Lan Phuong

  Received: 25-09-2019 / Accepted: 27-11-2019

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  ThestudyuseddescriptivestatisticsmethodtoanalysisrelationshipbetweenagriculturallandfragmentationandcropproductionefficiencyoffarmhouseholdsinBacGiangprovince.Resultsshowedthattheagriculturallandfragmentationreducedtothecropproductionefficiencyofthehouseholds.However,foreachregionwhenhouseholdsusedintensivefarmingtoincreasecrops,theagriculturallandfragmentationdidnotreducethecropproductionefficiency(atypicalexampleisLangGiangdistrict).Hence,thegovernment’sland consolidationpolicyistherightpolicytoexpandthesizeofhouseholdagriculturalland,whichisapremiseforthedevelopmentoflarge-scalecommodityproduction.Therefore,itisnecessarytohaveflexibilityinimplementationbecausetheproductioneconomiccharacteristicsofeachregionhaveagreatimpactonefficiency.

• Determinants of Households’ Participation in ForestManagement, Protection and Development in Tra Vinh Province

  Diep Thanh Tung, Phan Thi Thanh Nhan

  Received: 12-10-2018 / Accepted: 09-03-2019

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The objective of the study was to assess the factors affecting the level of households’participation in forest management, protection and developmentand topropose policy implications forforestmanagement, protection and development in Tra Vinh province. The data used in the study were collected from a questionnaire survey with a total of 191 householdsand analyzed usingthe multiple regression model (OLS) to determine the factors influencing the levelof households’participation forest management, protection and development. Results showedthat positivefactors influencing households’participation wereawareness, income from forest and non-timber forest products, distance from forest to the Commune People's Committee (or commune market), creditaccess, duration of forest protection contract, female household headand ownership of land use right certificate.On the other hand,three variables with negative relationship with the level of households’ participation includedexperiencein aquaculture production,forest management by the contract and income from fishery exploitationin the forest.

• Effects of Land Recovery, Compensation, Support and Resettlement on the Process of Development of the Border Gate Economic Zone in DongDang -Lang Son

  Chu An Truong, Vu Thi Binh

  Received: 10-09-2018 / Accepted: 22-11-2018

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Từ khóa: Thu hồi đất, bồi thường, quản lý đất đai, Khu kinh tế cửa khẩu, Đồng Đăng - Lạng Sơn.

• Factors Affecting Orange Production Development at Farm Level in Nghe AnProvince

  Le Hoang Ngoc, Nguyen Thi Duong Nga, Nguyen Quoc Oanh

  Received: 08-01-2018 / Accepted: 17-04-2018

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Orange is considered one of the key cash crops in Nghe An, which brings high economic efficiency and contributes significantly to local economy in several districts. The study used data collected from the structured survey with 264 orange producers in three districts and in-depth interviews with extension workers and orange traders. Descriptive and comparative statistics analysis and regression with production function were used. Results showed that orange planting area and productivity increased in the past five years, bringing about VND 143 million /ha/year. The main factors affecting orange production development in Nghe An province included market and marketing of products, climate, pests, capital, planting materials, peicides, water and land. Recommendations for orange production development in Nghe An province were proposed accordingly.

• Assessment of the Possibility White Spot Virus Infectionfrom Red Fiddler (Ucasp.) to White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

  Truong Thi My Hanh, Huynh Thi My Le, Pham The Viet, Phan Thi Van

  Received: 28-02-2017 / Accepted: 10-04-2017

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the causative agent of white spot syndrome in shrimp, has a wide host range includingcrabs, zooplankton (Copepods), molluscs, poultry and polychaete.Ucasp.isa common fiddler living in intertidal land, estuary and sourcewaterused for settling pond of shrimp farmsin Nam Đinh, Nghe An and Quang Ninh. WSSV, an important viral pathogen of the shrimp, can replicate in crustacean species,therefore, it is a potential vector for virus transmission. The major aim of this study was to determine whether WSSV can be replicate on Ucasp and transmitted from Ucasp. to shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) through water environment. Uca sp. wasinfected withWSSV by injecting suspension containing WSSV in dilution 10-2on the second leg. Results showed that, WSSV was detected in infected fiddler in experimentby PCR method after 107 hours of infection. WSSV was transmitted from Ucasp. to shrimp through water environment horizontally after 83 hours of exposure to Ucasp. carrying WSSV. Our findings support the contention that Ucasp. was a potential vector for virus transmissionandcan be a source of WSSV infection of culture shrimp.

• Evaluating the Potential of Digital Soil Mapping Method to Map Soil Typesin BacNinh Province

  Doan Thanh Thuy, Le Thi Giang

  Received: 08-01-2016 / Accepted: 29-04-2016

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The multinomial logistic regression (MLR) model has been being widely used for soil mapping because it could help save time and costs for collecting and analyzing soil data points compared to conventional methods. This research aimed to assess the potential of mapping soil types in Bac Ninh by assessing the performance of Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) model in predicting soil types. Nine predictive variables were derived from the ancillary data including land use, altitude, slope, NDVI, PVI, RVI, Topographic Wetness Index and SAGA Wetness Index. MLR model was constructed to predict soil classes at 2 levels: WRB-Reference Soil Group and intermediate level of Soil Group between Reference Soil Group and the full WRB soil name. The map quality was evaluated by the soil map purity estimated with an independent validation dataset. The diversity indices were calculated to assess the information content of the resultant maps. Assessment of the model’s prediction was based on the soil map purity, the Shannon’s entropy and a combined index. MLR yielded high map purity at the level of Reference Soil Group. When the taxonomic level changed from Reference Soil Group level to intermediate level, the map purity decreased while the value of the diversity indices increased. Therefore, soil mapping using MLR in predicting Reference Soil Group might be more efficient. However, at intermediate level, the model predicted higher diversity of soil map and thus the informative value estimated by the combined index was higher.

• Production Lily Bulblets by Scale in the North of Vietnam

  Nguyen Van Tinh, Nguyen Xuan Ket, Dang Van Dong, Hoang Minh Tan

  Received: 16-09-2013 / Accepted: 26-12-2013

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Lily can be propagated by sexual and asexual means. There are many asexual propagation methods to produce bulbs: separation of younger, small bulbs from mature bulbs, offsets growing from parent plants, bulbils formed in the leaf axils, tissue culture or by scales.. The propagation by scaling method is used mainly in the countries producing lily bulbs. In Vietnam, this propagation method is hardly applicable. Therefore, this study aimed at finding the technical parameters for production of small bulbs by bulb scales. The most suitable main bulb perimeter to take scales is 20-22 cm. The scales are placed between land and coir layers to obtain high multiplication rate and quality of small bulbs. Cold treatment (50C) of small bulbs most rapidly transformed the starch and sugar into reducing and soluble sugar during the first 40 days of cold treatment. The results may serve as basis for further research in the production of lily bulbs by scaling method.

• Current State and Orientation of System of Residential Areas in Hoang Hoa District, Thanh Hoa Province

  Do Thi Tam, Hoang Van Thang

  Received: 25-06-2013 / Accepted: 20-06-2013

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study aims at analyzing the nature of residential areas of Hoang Hoa district in response to “Tam nong” policy. The data were gathered from 420 residential areas of the district. The results showed that the district has a population of 248,152 people, 63,004 households, and a total area of 22,473.18 hectares. The land alloeted to residential areas is 6,470.56 hectares, including 1,965.53 hectares for housing (30,38%). The district consists of 49 communes with 420 residential areas. On average, each commune has 15 residential areas and each residential area includes 591 people and 150 households. The classification of residental areas was based on criteria specified in Vietam’s Standards No. 4418 in 1987 and National Criteria for Renewing Rural Areas in Decision No. 491/QD-TTg. As a result, 420 residential areas of Hoang Hoa were classified into 3 levels: level 1 with 135; level 2 with 233; and level 3 with 52 residential areas. By 2020, the system of residential areas will develop into 4 regions according to their developmental characteristics.

• ThựctrạngvàđịnhhướngpháttriểnhệthốngđiểmdâncưhuyệnQuảngXương, tỉnhThanh Hóa, ViệtNam

  Ha The Anh, Do Thi Tam

  Received: 14-09-2012 / Accepted: 20-12-2012

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Mục đích của nghiên cứu là phân tích thực trạng hệ thống điểm dân cư huyện Quảng Xương, tỉnh Thanh Hoá trong bối cảnh cả nước đang thực hiện chính sách “ Tam Nông”. Số liệu được thu thập từ 392 điểm dân cư. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy Quảng Xương có 265249 khẩu, 65172 hộ, với tổng diện tích tự nhiên là 22780,12ha, trong đó đất khu dân cư là 6003,31ha, gồm 3350,35ha đất ở. Huyện gồm 41 xã, thị trấn với 392 điểm dân cư. Trung bình mỗi xã có 10 điểm dân cư và mỗi điểm dân cư có 676 người và 166 hộ. Việc phân loại điểm dân cư dựa trên một số tiêu chí của tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam số 4418 năm 1987, Nghị Quyết số 26/NQ-TW và các tiêu chí xây dựng nông thôn mới theo Quyết định số 491/QĐ-TTg. Kết quả phân loại 392 điểm dân cư có 71 điểm dân cư loại 1, 134 điểm dân cư loại 2, và 187 điểm dân cư loại 3. Kiến trúc cảnh quan khu dân cư còn nhiều hạn chế và có sự khác biệt giữa khu vực đô thị và khu vực nông thôn. Đến năm 2020, hệ thống dân cư phát triển theo 4 vùng của huyện. Dựa vào đặc điểm phát triển của từng vùng sẽ hình thành 5 thị trấn và một trung tâm cụm xã. Khi đó toàn huyện sẽ có 363 điểm dân cư với 140 điểm dân cư loại 1; 158 điểm dân cư loại 2; 65 điểm điểm dân cư loại 3. Để phát triển hệ thống điểm dân cư thống nhất và nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống của người dân, chính quyền địa phương cần phải xây dựng hoàn chỉnh các loại quy hoạch và có các chính sách huy động nguồn vốn từ ngân sách Nhà nước và nhân dân.

• Tiếpcậntíndụngcủacáchộchănnuôi: NghiêncứutạitỉnhHảiDương, ViệtNam

  Le Thi Minh Chau, Philippe Lebailly, Nguyen Tuan Son

  Received: 06-11-2012 / Accepted: 17-12-2012

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  Trong những năm gần đây,cung cấp tín dụng cho nông thôn từ khu vực chính thức đã tăng trưởng đáng kể. Tuy nhiên đầu tư tín dụng cho nông nghiệp còn chưa đáp ứng được nhu cầu về tín dụng cho sản xuất và chưa tương xứng với đóng góp của nông nghiệp cho sự phát triển kinh tế và xã hội trong khu vực nông thôn. Nghiên cứu này sử dụng số liệu điều tra từ hộ chăn nuôi ở Hải Dương và kết quả của nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng tín dụng cung cấp từ khu vực chính thức vẫn chưa đáp ứng được nhu cầu về tín dụng của các hộ chăn nuôi. Tỷ lệ người phụ thuộc, diện tích đất trồng trọt, diện tích ao, số lượng lợn thịt là các yếu tố liên quan đến nhu cầu vay của hộ về tín dụng từ khu vực chính thức. Ngoài ra, tuổi, trình độ học vấn của chủ hộ, diện tích ao cá là yếu tố cơ bản ảnh hưởng đến khả năng tiếp cận tín dụng của hộ từ các ngân hàng được phản ánh bằng số tiền vay nhận được. Những hạn chế trong cung cấp tín dụng nông thôn của khu vực chính thức cũng gây trở ngại cho tiếp cận tín dụng của người chăn nuôi.