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• Use of Microbial Formulations to Produce Bio-Organic Fertilizer from Mushroom Culture Residues and Chicken Manure

  Nguyen Van Thao, Nguyen Thi Lan Anh, Nguyen Thi Minh, Nguyen Thu Ha, Do Nguyen Hai

  Received: 18-08-2015 / Accepted: 09-11-2015

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  A study was conducted to identify suitable microbial formulation for producing bio-organic fertilizer from mushroom culture residues and chicken manure. Tendays after composting, the temprature in the middle of the compost mix inoculated withCPVSV3 (CT3) ranged from 51 to 56oC, higher than thosein other treatments andremained for5 to 7 days. After 30 days, the C/N ratio was lowest in the CT3 (13.64) while the amounts of total N (1.04%), available phosphorus (187,9 mg/100g) and potassium (416,2 mg/100g) were higherthan those in othertreatments. The microbial formulationCPVSV3 helpedrestrict the growth of E.coliand Salmonellaand increased thenumber of amonium and cellulose decomposingbacteria. The concentrationof heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Pb, Hg) in the bio-organic fertilizer were much lower compared toVietnamese standard. The actual yield of baby bok choy (Brassica rapa ssp.Chinensis) applied withmicro-organic fertilizer reached 1.18 kg/m2, higher than that in traditional manure application.The amounts of As, Cd, Pb, Hg as well as number of E.coli, Salmonellain baby bok choy were also lower than Vietnamese standard set by the Ministry of Health. The results suggested that the microbial formulationCPVSV3 is suitable for handling the mushroomculture residueand chicken manure mix toproducebio-organic fertilizer for safe agricultural production.

• Astudy on Aerobic Composting for Treating Poultry Manure and Applying Initially in Decomposing Poultry Carcasses

  Pham Hong Ngan, Cam Thi Thu Ha, Dinh Phuong Nam, Hoang Minh Duc

  Received: 21-03-2012 / Accepted: 05-06-2012

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The experiment was implemented to identify the effectiveness of aerobic composting of chickrn manure and dead chicken over 40 day period through two experimental groups. The main difference of these groups was that the layers of chicken manure were separated by using rice husk in second group and the ratio between chicken waste and rice husk (3.42 : 1 and 2.5:1 respectively). The results demonstrated that the optimal temperature was obtained from first experimental group, where temperature reached a peak of 74.50C after 4 days during process of experiment. This group was also advantgeous that rice husk quantity could be saved. After 40 day period of experiment, Salmonella was negative, the quantity of Coliform and E.coli declined significantly. Coliform decreased from approximately 4.05.107 to less than 102. Similarly, E.coli also declined to less than 3 per MPN. The first application of aerobic composting to treat dead chicken demonstrated the potential and effectiveness of this method. Dead chickens were completely decomposed after 20 day. NH3 and H2S were not detected at 1 m, 5m, 10m and 20 m distances from experimental site.

• Effect ofC: N Ratio and Frequency of Turning on Nutrient Content During Chicken Manure Composting

  Nguyen Tat Canh, Tran Thi Thiem, Le Van Phung

  Received: 23-09-2019 / Accepted: 28-02-2020

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study was conducted to assess the effect of C: N ratio (T) and frequency of turning (D) on total nitrogen loss during chicken manure composting (chicken faeces, leftovers, feathers and sawdust) to achieve good quality compost. The ratio C: N included three levels of 20: 1, 25: 1 and 30: 1 and the frequency of turning was 1, 3 and 5 days/time. The initial physical and chemical properties of chicken manure were determined. During composting process, 55% moisture in the pile was maintained, monitoring temperature, pH and total nitrogen (TN). Total dry matter, total carbon (TC), total phosphorus and total potassium were recorded at the end of the composting process. The study results have shown that the ratio of C: N and the frequency of turning to affect significantly (p ≤0.05) to the pile temperature, the change in pH, the lost amount of TN, TC, P and K while the weight of the dry matter was only affected (p ≤0.05) by the C: N ratio. All experimental treatments were reached maturation after 75 days when the pile temperature decreased close to the ambient temperature. The total amount of nitrogen loss was mainly due to evaporation of ammonia gas (NH3) in the first 20 days after composting when the pile temperature and pH reached 30oC and 7.5. The experimental treatment of turning every 3 days, the C: N 25:1 ratio (D3T25) has the lowest total nitrogen loss.

• Effect of Substitutions of Chemical Fertilizers with Microbial Organic Fertilizer Pellets on the Fruit Yield and Quality of Suu Pomelo in Doan Hung - Phu Tho

  Dinh Hong Duyen, Nguyen The Binh, Nguyen Thi Loan, Vu Thanh Hai, Do Tat Thuy

  Received: 27-08-2021 / Accepted: 21-01-2022

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The study aimed to indentify the proper substitution ratio of chemical fertilizers with microbial organic fertilizer pellets obtained from composted chicken manure for improving fruit yield and fruit quality of 5-6 years - Suu pomelo in Doan Hung, Phu Tho province. The treatments consisted of the following: control treatment (the chemical fertilizer dose conventionally used by farmers’) (1.5kg NPK (5:10:3) + 1.75kg NPK(12:5:7) + 0.5kg K2SO4/plant/year) and the substitution of 25%, 50%,70% and 100% chemical fertilizer with microbial organic fertilizer pellets in such a way to ensure equal N supply in each treatment. The results showed that the substitutions of 25% and 50% chemical fertilizers with microbial organic fertilizer pellets stabilized soil pH, increased the contents of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and significantly increased fruit yield as compared to chemical fertilizer application. Substitution with 50% microbial organic fertilizer pellets gave the highest fruit yield with 25.61 tons/ha and economic profit with VND568.95 milion per ha, increased by 148.49 million VND/ha compared to the control. Application of microbial organic fertilizer pellets along with chemical fertilizer led to the increase of fruit quality. The substitution of chemical fertilizer with 50% and 100% microbial organic fertilizer pellets statistically increased total sugar, vitamin C and dry matter in fruits as compared to application of chemical fertilizer.

• Effect of Composting Methods of Agricultural by-Products on Quality of Compost and Its Application in Cucumber Cultivation

  Thieu Thi Phong Thu, Chu Thi Dieu Linh

  Received: 03-01-2024 / Accepted: 28-05-2024

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The experiment was conducted to determine suitable composting method to convert agricultural by-product into organic fertilizer and evaluate effect on the growth and yield of cucumber in 2023 spring season. The experiments were carried out at the field of the Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture. The traditional aerobic composting and mix aerobic composting were tested to compost agricultural by-products consisting of rice straw, chicken manure and elephant grass. Research results showed that the mix aerobic composting method produced higher mass and quality of compost in comparison with traditional method. Combination treatment of mix aerobic compost with chemical nitrogen fertilizers had a positive effect on growth, development and yields of cucumber than other treatments.

• Effects of Combining Soil and Foliar Fertilization on Growth, Developmentand Yield ofEggplant

  Thieu Thi Phong Thu, Tran Thi Thiem, Phung Xe Pa

  Received: 06-12-2022 / Accepted: 27-03-2023

   Abstract PDF (VIETNAMESE)

  The experiment aimed to determine the suitable types of organic fertilizer for the growth, development and yield of eggplant in Gia Lam, HaNoi.Atwo-factor experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design comprising 8treatments with three replications. The first factor wassoil fertilization withP1 - Chicken manure, P2 - Minori fertilizer, P3 - Inorganic fertilizerandP4 - Vermicompost. The second factor wasfoliar organic fertilization with C1 - O-MIC and C2 - HB101 (plant vitalizer). Research results showed that vermicompost exhibitedthe best effectson the growth and yield of eggplant. Foliar application of HB101 brought better effectson the growth and yield of eggplant compared to application of O-MIC. Combined use of vermicompost and HB101 foliar vitalizer gave the highest eggplant yield of 14.05 tons/ha, 2.89 tons/ha higher than the yield in combination ofinorganic fertilizerandO-MIC and 2.39 tons/ha higher than the yield inthe combination ofinorganic fertilizerand HB101.