Vol. 18 No. 6 (2020)

Experimentswereconducted in the Summer season of 2019 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, to determine the effect of salicylic acid (0mM, 0.25mM and 0.50mM SA) on germination, physiology and yield of two mungbean varieties (DXVN5 and DXVN7) under salinity condition (50mM NaCl). In experiment 1, seeds of mungbean varieties were immersed in SA concentrations. After that, seeds were sown on a filter paper in the petri dish and NaCl solution was added for 7 days. In experiment 2, three-leaf plants were treated with NaCl solution for 7 days. And then, foliar spray of different SA concentrations was done. The results indicated that the germination rate was not affected by SA, but increased SA levels raised shoot and root length of seedlings, fresh weight of seedling and also increased enhancedin the plant height, leaf area, leaf relative water content, dry matter, SPAD index, yield components and individual yield in both of mungbean varieties under salt stress, while the ion leakage and proline content decreased with increasing SA concentration. At the SA level of 0.50mM showed better growth and recovery in both of varieties under salinity stress. The individual yield in of DXVN5 variety increased by 110.23% and DXVN7 variety increased by 118.77%.

The present study aimed to identify the suitable shading regimes for growth, yield, and quality of Glinus oppositifolius(L.) A. DC. was performed. Four shading regimes were selected and tested in this study, viz:(1) Non-shading, (2) 25% shading, (3) 50% shading, (4) 75% shading in Summer and Spring crops in Gia Lam, Ha Noi. The results showed that in the Summer crop (stronger light intensity), the plants grown in 25% shading regime was higher than those in other regimes, obtained higher dry mass yields (2.52 tons/ha); especially, obtained the highest active component yield (73.08 kg/ha saponin; 3.36 kg/ha vitamin C and 766.84 kg/ha extracts). In contrast, shading of Glinus oppositifoliusplants in the Sspring crop was not effective. In the first period of growth, low light intensity and shading reduced the ability of plant growth and development. Without shading in the Spring crop, the plants growed, developed best and gave the highest dry mass (2.76 tons/ha), saponin (71.76 kg/ha; vitamin C (3.63 kg /ha) and extracts (754.86 kg/ha), respectively.

GL1-2 is a cucumber F1hybrid variety produced successfully by researchers of Fruit & Vegetable Research Institute and approved by Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development in 2014. This variety possesses several desired characteristics: vigorous growth, good flowering and fruiting, high yield (50 - 60 tons/ha) both in spring-summer and winter seasons in Northern Delta and Midlands areas, good fruit quality, resistance to downy mildew and powdery mildew diseases. In order to develop the seed production process, increase yield and quality of F1hybrid GL1-2 seeds, we carried out the study on determination of optimum planting ratio of parental lines, pollination time and time to harvest fruits. Three experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block with seven treatments of experiment 1 (parental ratio), five treatments of experiment 2 (pollination time), five treatments of experiment 3 (fruit age) and three replications. The experiments were set up in Spring and Summer 2017 in two provinces Thai Nguyen and Ha Noi. Our results showed that optimum planting ratio of GL1-2 parental lines was 1/4, from 8 to 9amwas an optimum time to do hand-pollination, and optimum time to harvest hybrid fruits was from 30 to 35 days after pollination, giving the best F1seed yield and quality.

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of popular growth stimulant products on the cutting propagation, growth, and development of Manaca Rain plant (Brunfelsia hopeana Benth.). The first experiment was designed to compare 4 types of growth stimulant preparations (N3M 20g/L, Atonik 1.8SL 5ml/L, NAA 500ppm, and TA350 - 350ppm NAA, 50ppm GA3) with water treatment on the cutting propagation of mature stem and top branchlet in sand media. The second experiment was carried out in plastic pots to evaluate the effect of supplying 200ml (20ppm) solution from growth stimulants (Atonik, N3M, and TA350) and the control treatment in the plant’s growth and development. As the results showed, combination of Atonik, NAA, and TA350 could significantly promote the rooting rate as compared with the control and N3M treatments. On the other hand, no significant effects of the use of growth stimulants on the mature stem have been described. Next, the application of Atonik, N3M, and TA350 could promote various agronomical traits, such as plant height, root mass, number of buds, bud length, number of flowers. However, there were no significant differences ineffectsof these preparations on the growth and development of this plant. Taken together, our study would provide a solid foundation for the protocol of planting Manaca rain plants.

This study was conducted to determine morphological characteristics, growth performance, carcass yield and meat quality of purebred Tien Yen chicken raised at the experimental farm of Vietnam National University of Agriculture, and at household farms in Tien Yen district Quang Ninh province. A total of 114 individuals was were morphologically characterized. Growth performances were assessed on 55 chickens, and carcass yield was evaluated on 6 individuals for each period. The results showed that, at 1-old-day, chicks had 2 main feather colors including yellow with black stripes (90%) and yellow (10%); At 38 weeks old, cocks’ body feather color was characterized by black bronze (71.8%) and bronze brown (28.2%), while the hens were characterized by bright yellow 80% and dark brown 20%. Chickens had a chin’s feather (beard) 90% or a typical head’s feather 10%. The survival rate was high 94.6% and the males had significantly heavier body weight compared with the females during from 3 weeks old (P <0.05). At 16 weeks old, the average body weight of males and females was 1685g and 1372 g respectively. The feed conversion efficiency was 3.8 kg feed/kg weight gain during 0-16 weeks old. The relative percentage of carcasses was 61-64%, percentage of breast meat and thigh meat were 13.2-17.2% and 19.6-23.1% respectively. Drip loss percentage of preservation and cooking for 24 hours post-mortem were 2.6-3.2% and 22.6-24.9%, respectively, and its meat quality was within the normal range of value.

Interleukin-2 is a multifunctional cytokine, which modulates the proliferation and differentiation of various types of cells and induces cytokines expression. In this study, chicken IL-2 will be cloned, expressed and its functional characterization was evaluated in Macrophage (HD11) cell line. Genes coding for IL-2 (AF000631 from GenBank) linked with Trx-Tag thioredoxin leader and restriction sequences of EcoRI (5’end), HindIII (3’end) were cloned and then ligated into a cloning véc tơvector pCR2.1-TA. Chicken IL-2 gene was incorporated into pET32a(+) at restriction sites for the expression of the IL-2 gene in E. coliBL21. Chicken IL-2 recombinant protein produced in E. colisystem showed that it did not produce cytotoxicity and enhanced the proliferation of macrophage (HD11) cell line and induced IFNγ, IL-1β và and IL-6 mRNA expression. These results showed that recombinant chicken IL-2 protein production in E. colisystem was possessed natural biological properties and was recognized by specific antibodies against IL-2.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of germination temperature and time on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), phytic acid (PA) and other compositions (protein, lipid and ash). The Vietnamese variety of soybean DT2010 was germintated at 26, 28 and 30C for 24, 36 and 48h. GABA was analysed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Phytic acid was determined by the colorimetric method. Protein, lipid and ash were analysed using Kjeldahl, extraction in n-hexan and incineration method, respectively. GABA content increased by 2.2 times in the sample germinated at 30C/36h, meanwhile protein increased by 1.15 times in the samples germinated at 28C/48h, as compared to those in the ungerminated samples. In contrast, phytic acid content decreased by 25.30% in the samples germinated at 28C/48h; lipid and ash content also decreased by 39.52% and 62.85%, respectively,in the samples germinated at 30C/48h, as compared to those in the ungerminated samples. These results would be such a benefit for producing soybean derived food products for human health.

Drought and conventional irrigation methods are considered as reasons that make coffee growers face with water shortage more frequent and increasingly serious level in the Central Highlands. Applying water-saving technologies in coffee production has become an urgent need than ever. This study aimsto make an overviewthe types of coffee irrigation technologies being used; assess the economic efficiency of coffee production using economical irrigation technology and identify factors that hinder the application of economical irrigation technology for coffee in Cu M’gar district. Data which have been collected from 33 coffee producing households applying the irrigation technology (overall survey) and 30 coffee producing households using traditional irrigation technology (random sampling) in the study area showedthat water-saving techniqueshave brought higher economic efficiency compared toconventional ones. However, the households who have applied water-saving techniquesin the district are still very low, mainly due to the lack of investment capital, limited awareness of the producers and ineffective transferring activities.