Vol. 18 No. 5 (2020)

Vietnam, located in the center of origin for banana (Musaspp.), has abundant banana genetic diversity. Panama disease or Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporumf.sp cubense(Foc), is listed as a major disease constraint for stable production of ‘Pisang Awak’ banana nationwide. Until 2013, there were no reports on Foccausing Fusarium wilt disease in ‘Cavendish’ (group AAA) in Vietnam. However, leaf-yellowing symptoms, typical of banana fusarium wilt, were observed on ‘Cavendish’ in the northern part of Vietnam in 2014.The objectiveof this study was to identifyracesof Foccollected from ‘Cavendish’ and ‘Pisang Awak’ in the major banana production areas including Red River Delta, upper mountainous provinces in Northern of Vietnam. Races of Focwere indentified based on morphology, molecular characterization and their pathogenicity. The results of this study showed that Foc tropical race 4 (FocTR4) was found to be on ‘Cavendish’ cultivar, while Foc race 1 (Foc 1)was determined to be on ‘Pisang Awak’ cultivar. This study provides additional scientific information to controlFusariumwiltof banamamore effectively.

This study was undertaken to assess the biology and effects of 2 types of the concentrated feed in the diet on growth, reproductive performance and efficiency of organic waste degradation of African nightcrawler (Eudrilus Eugeniae) by a batch production on the tray vermiculture system with compound feed supplement. The breeding earthworms were kept in plastic trays (15 worms/tray) added with a substrate made of dried cow dung (550g/tray) under the laboratory conditions (temperature 23-28C, humidity 55-65%). The experiment was designed by 2 groups with 2 different concentrated feed in the diet (rice flour and yellow maize flour) and 3 replicates. The breeding earthworms were separated from the substrate every 10 days after laying. The cocoons were hatched and the growth of hatchlings was assessed up to 4 weeks of age. Results showed that the African nightcrawler had a big size and weight of both its body and cocoon that were appropriate for the intensive vermiculture by the tray system. Supplement of 2 types of concentrated feed in the diet resulted in high and equivalent efficiency of worm growth and reproductivity. After 4 weeks, each breeding earthworm produced 89.22-90.97 newly born hatchlings, equivalent to 8.11g dry matter of worm biomass, and the conversion ratio from solid waste to worm mass was 9.86:1-10:1. However, in the production condition, the indoor climate should be adjusted appropriately to the earthworm physiology, and the cost-benefit analysis should be conducted in order to achieve the highest performance and economic efficiency.

TwoexperimentswereconductedfromOctober2017toDecember2019toevaluatetheutilizationofpassionfruitpeel,drymaizecobsandsugarcanebagasseinthefermentedtotalmixedration(FTMR)toreplacemaizesilageintherationforHolsteinheifers.Thefirstexperimentassessedvisiblequalitiesandchemicalcompositionofthefermentedtotal mixed rations(FTMR), inwhich,FTMR1contained 40%ofpassionfruitpeel,25%ofsugarcanebagasse;FTMR2contained passionfruitpeel(40%),drymaizecobs(12,5%);andFTMR3containedFTMR2contains40%passionfruitpeel,12,5%ofdrymaizecobs,and12,5%ofsugarcanebagasse)underthelaboratoryconditionsattheFacultyofAnimalScience,VNUA.ThesecondcomparedtheselectedFTMR2andFTMR3tothecurrentrationusingmaizesilageonadairyfarminMocChau.Inthelaboratory,theFTMRrationswereensilagedinananaerobicconditionin10-literplasticbottleswithtotal18bottlesfor3rationsin2periodsof3and5weeks.TheFTMR2andFTMR3wereselectedtoensilageinathicknylonbag1.5mindiameterand2.5mlongonfarmfeedingtrial.Resultsshowedthatitwaspossibletousepassionfruitpeelupto40%,drymaizecobsupto25%andsugarcanebagasseupto12.5%(VCK)inFTMRwithgoodquality.TheFTMR2andFTMR3usingpassionfruitpeel,drymaizecobsandsugarcanebagassewereabletoprovidesufficientnutritionalrequirementsofHolsteinheifers,increasingtheheifers’weightgain onthe averagetoover800g/head/day.However,theFTMRusingpassionfruitpeelanddrymaizecobsshowedbetterresultsthanthatusing sugarcanebagasse.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the current situation and propose solutions to improve the efficiency of agricultural land use in Trung Khanh border commune. By research method: investigate, collect secondary and primary data; statistical analysis; evaluate land-use efficiency. The results show that the area of agricultural land was 4.523,62ha, accounting for 20,56% of agricultural land, with land use coefficient 1,54. There were 04 types of land use (LUT) with 13 types of land use. Synthesis of high land-use efficiency (C) had 1 type of land use, an area of 87,87 ha accounting for 1,94%; There were 06 types of low efficiency (T), area of 2.282,26ha, accounting for 50,45%, the remaining 06 types of land use with average efficiency (TB), area of 2.153,49ha accounting for 47,61% of the total cultivated area of the region. To improve efficiency, there should be a number of solutions: propagating and organizing production; scientific and technical applications; policies, capital; zoning; strengthening training and human resource allocation and marketing the products.

The study aimed to determine the impacts of construction and development of economic zone on a number of land use management factors in Southeastern Economic Zone, Nghe An province. The study used method of surveying, comparing and analyzing secondary data, method of interviewing 148 officials and 480 households in 3 survey areas. The study uses Likert's 5-level scale to evaluate the process of building and developing economic zone, managing land use, using T-Test to check the differences in some indicators between objects and among 3 groups of households, use the correlation coefficient r (Spearman Ranking) to determine the impact level. The process of building and developing the economic zone with five selected criteria has been assessed at a high level by the people and management officials, there has been a difference between the two groups. The planning for construction of economic zones and development of functional zones has a major impact on land use management elements in region 1. Economic zone construction planning; functional area development; infrastructure development; attracting investment project capital and labor force that has a great impact on the land use rights transfer market, agricultural land prices and agricultural land use in region 2. Planning for construction of economic zones, development of functional areas and development of facilities. The infrastructure has a great impact on the transfer market of residential land use rights and the rights of land users in area 3.

Due to the advantages of continuously variable transmission and high efficiency, hydrostatic power-split transmission (HPST) shows the applicability on the agricultural tractor. This is also shown in some theoretical research results. However, practical tests are needed to evaluate the power-split transmission configuration for the operating principle and dynamics properties for the next design goal. This article introduces the experimental model (test band) of a HPST built at the Department of Dynamics, Vietnam National University of Agriculture. The test band consists of a drive motor, a HPST, load generator and modern data processing and measuring equipment. The model can be used to reproduce the operating principle and to study the static and dynamic properties of the HPST, as the basis for control strategies in working conditions of agricultural tractors.

Theobjectiveofthestudywastoinvestigatetheeffectofheattreatment(grindingwithboilingwater,blanchingandmicrowave)ongamma-aminobutyricacid(GABA),phyticacid(PA)andphysicochemicalproperties(totalsolidcontent,protein,acidityandpH)andphysicalproperties(viscosityandwaterholdingcapacity)ofsoymilkyoghurt.Yoghurtsweremadefromgerminatedsoybean and then stored at 4-6C for14days.GABAandPAwereanalysedusinghighperformanceliquidchromatography(HPLC)andthecolorimetricmethod,respectively.Totalsolid,proteincontent,acidityandpHwereanalysedusingdryingmethod,Kjeldahl,titrationandpHmeter,respectively.ViscosityandWHCweredeterminedusingtheviscometerandthecentrifuge,respectively.ResultsshowedthatheattreatmentsignificantlyinfluencedGABA,PA,physicochemicalandphysicalpropertiesofsoymilkyoghurts.YoghurtmadefromgerminatedsoybeangroundwithboilingwatercontainedhigherGABA,totalsolidandproteincontent,andlowerPAthatthoseofyoghurtsmadefromsoybeanheatedbyblanchingormicrowave.Inaddition,yoghurtmadefromgerminatedsoybeangroundwithboilingwaterhadhigherviscosityandWHCthanthoseofyoghurtmadefromsoybeanheatedbytheotherheattreatment.

This study aims to evaluate the quality of agricultural public services in the Red River Deltafrom service user perspective. The analytical framework is based on the SERVQUAL service quality model and expanded to some criteria suitable for the agricultural public service field. Data collected by conducting survey in three representative provinces of the region including Hanoi, Ha Nam and Thai Binh, achieved 283 responses. The analysis results showed that three quality dimensions with a low rating in agricultural services were transparency and accountability, outputs, and tangible factors. Extension services have received a lower average quality score than plant protection and agricultural infrastructures.