HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS

Received: 25-05-2012

Accepted: 21-08-2012

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Issue: Vol. 10 No. 5 (2012)

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KỸ THUẬT VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ

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Nguyen, H., Nguyen, T.-H., & Haltrich, D. (2024). HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS. Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 10(5), 693–706. http://testtapchi.vnua.edu.vn/index.php/vjasvn/article/view/1691

HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS

Hoang Anh Nguyen (*) 1 , Thu-Ha Nguyen 2 , Dietmar Haltrich 2

  • 1 Department of Biochemistry and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of food science and Technology, Hanoi University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • 2 Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria

    • Keywords

    Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), lactose; fucose, fucose, N-acetylglucosamine, probiotic

    Abstract


    Human milk is considered as the best form of nutrition for the first few months of human life. The part that contributes to the important function of human milk contains oligosaccharides which are not found in infant formulas. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the third most abundant molecular species in human milk after lactose and fat and its amount approximates15 g/L. To date, about 200HMOs have been purified and theirstructures have been determined. Basic core structure of HMOs is lactose at the reducing end elongated by fucose, N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid. HMOs are considered to be one of the most important growth factors for intestinal bifidobacteria, beneficial bacteria dominated in gastrointestinal tract of breast-fed infants, andpotential inhibitors of adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to epithelial surfaces. For this reason, there is a continuous interest in finding structures as well as synthesis of HMOs by enzymatic method that can be applied for infant foods and drugs. This review focuses on structure and functions of HMOs, and enzymatic synthesis of some well known HMOs.

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